THE AFROTROPICAL SPECIES OF THE GENUS RHAPHIUM Meigen

(DIPTERA: DOLICHOPODIDAE)

Igor Ya. GRICHANOV

Grichanov, I.Ya The Afrotropical species of the genus

Rhaphium Meigen (Diptera: Dolichopodidae)

10 species of the genus Rhaphium are described from Kenya,

Uganda and South Africa. Catalogue and a key to Afrotropical

species of Rhaphium are given.

I.Ya. Grichanov, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection,

Podbelskogo 3, St.Petersburg-Pushkin, 189620, Russia.

Key words: Diptera, Dolichopodidae, Rhaphium, Africa.

Introduction

Dolichopodid Afrotropical fauna of the genus Rhaphium Mg. remains

little studied. Loew (1858, 1860) described a female of Xiphandrium

(=Rhaphium) triste Lw. from South Africa, which is probably to be

designated as species incertae sedis on the basis of the character

"third antennal segment short, rounded". Loew's collection in the

Berlin University does not have the type of the species (Negrobov et

al.. 1982). Later, the species Rh. currani Parent (=Rh. triste

Curran, nec Loew), Rh. sexsetosum and Rh. rweruensis

(Vanschuytbroeck, 1951) were described, but we have not examined

them. Recently, three new species were described from Zaire (Negrobov

et al., 1982).

Many new species and records of the genus Rhaphium Mg. from

Tropical and South Africa were found in the rich collection of the

Natural History Museum in London. All of the newly described and

examined afrotropical species of the genus have the following

features.

One pair of ocellar and external vertical bristles. Postocular

bristles black in the upper part and white in the lateral and lower

parts of the head. Eyes with short white hairs. Antennae black,

inserted in the upper part of the head; scape bare, pedicel with

small bristles. Arista inserted in apex of first flagellomere.

Propleura with some white hairs. Scutellum with two long bristles.

All segments of abdomen dark, with dark hairs and bristles. Wings

slightly darkened, veins yellowish brown.

Holotypes and paratypes are deposited in the Natural History Museum

(London).

List of known species of Rhaphium from Afrotropical Region

Rhaphium, Meigen, 1803:272. Type species Rh. macrocerum Mg., 1824,

by designation of Curtis, 1835:568.

bukzeevae sp.n. - Uganda

bulyginskayae sp.n. - Kenya

currani Parent, 1939:282 (Xiphandrium) - South Africa, Zimbabwe,

Zaire(?), Nigeria(?)

=triste Curran, 1926, not Loew (misidentification)

grootaerti Negrobov, Grichanov, Bakari, 1982:192 - Zaire, Uganda(!)

doroninae sp.n. - Uganda

macrocerum Meigen, 1824:29 - St. Helena, North Africa, Europe,

Central Asia

mcveighi sp.n. - Uganda, Kenya

reaveyi sp.n.- Kenya

ovsyannikovae sp.n. - Uganda

picketti sp.n. - Uganda, Kenya

pitkini sp.n. - South Africa

rweruensis Vanschuytbroeck, 1951:108 (Xiphandrium) - Zaire

sexsetosum Vanschuytbroeck, 1951:110 (Xiphandrium) - Zaire

shamshevi sp.n. - Uganda

triste Loew, 1858:341; 1860:352 (Xiphandrium) - South Africa

vanschuytbroecki Negrobov, Grichanov, Bakari, 1982:190 - Zaire,

Uganda(!), Kenya(!)

zairensis Negrobov, Grichanov, Bakari, 1982:192 - Zaire, Uganda(!),

Kenya(!)

zakonnikovae sp.n. - Uganda

Key to Afrotropical species of Rhaphium Mg.

1. Basal segments of abdomen yellow ................................2

- Abdomen completely dark .........................................3

2. Fore tibiae with row of 4-5 strong anterior bristles, halteres

brown.......................................Rh. sexsetosum Vansch.

- Fore tibiae without such row of bristles, halteres yellow

............................................Rh. rweruensis Vansch.

3. Fore and middle femora black except apex, hind femora brown

..................................................Rh. triste Lw. *

- Femora yellow or brownish yellow ................................4

4. Males ...........................................................5

- Females ........................................................19

5. Fore tibiae with 2 strong thorn-like dorsal bristles in basal

third ...........................................................6

- Fore tibiae with simple dorsal setae ...........................10

6. Cerci bifurcated .................................Rh. currani Par.

- Cerci simple, filiform ..........................................7

7. First flagellomere 3 times as long as high at base, and as long as

arista .................................Rh. zairensis Negr. et al.

- First flagellomere 7-9 times as long as high at base, and 3 and

more times longer than arista ...................................8

8. Face 2-2.5 times as high as wide under antennae; first

flagellomere 13 times longer than arista; fore femora without long

ciliae .....................................Rh. zakonnikovae sp.n.

- Face 3.5-4 times as high as wide under antennae.......9

9. Fore femora with a row of 9-10 posteroventral ciliae of the same

length; arista one-third the length of first flagellomere.........

...........................................Rh. bulyginskayae sp.n.

- Fore femora with posterior and ventral irregular rows of hairs of

different length; arista one-fifth the length of first flagellomere

...............................................Rh. shamshevi sp.n.

10. Fore tibiae with a row of 5-10 short anterodorsal bristles ...11

- Fore tibiae at most with 2 antero- and 2 posterodorsal bristles..

...............................................................15

11. Cerci bifurcated .....................Rh. grootaerti Negr. et al.

- Cerci simple, filiform ........................................12

12. Fore tibiae with 2 rows of thin ventral hairs, which are longer

than diameter of tibia ........ Rh. vanschuytbroecki Negr. et al.

- Fore tibiae with ventral setulae, which are shorter than diameter

of tibia ......................................................13

13. 3 pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles; fore femora without

ciliae in basal half ...........................Rh. pitkini sp.n.

- 4 pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles; fore femora with thin

posteroventral ciliae in basal half ...........................14

14. Arista one-third the length of first flagellomere; fore tibiae

with a row of feable dorsal setulae .....Rh. ovsyannikovae sp.n.

- Arista one-sixth the length of first flagellomere; fore tibiae

with a row of strong dorsal setae ...........Rh. doroninae sp.n.

15. Fore tibiae and basitarsi with 1-2 rows of long strong ventral

bristles ......................................................16

- Fore legs without rows of long bristles .......................17

16. First segment of fore tarsi nearly as long as second segment ....

................................................Rh. reaveyi sp.n.

- First segment of fore tarsi twice as long as the next segment ...

...............................................Rh. picketti sp.n.

17. Gonopodes with a bundle of long yellow bristles, reaching the

middle of third tergit, 5 pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles .

...............................................Rh. macrocerum Mg.

- Gonopodes without such bundle, 4 pairs of strong dorsocentral

bristles ......................................................18

18. No small setulae between strong dorsocentral bristles; fore

tibiae with 2 posterodorsal setae only .......Rh. bukzeevae sp.n.

- One pair of reduced setae between second and third pairs of

strong dorsocentral bristles; fore tibiae with 2 antero- and 2

posterodorsal setae ...........................Rh. mcveighi sp.n.

19. Fore tibiae with 2 strong thorn-like dorsal bristles in basal

third .........................................................20

- Fore tibiae with simple dorsal setae ..........................22

20. Arista black ..............................Rh. zakonnikovae sp.n.

- Arista whitish ................................................21

21. Face pollinose, but under antennae with metallic brilliant

triangle touched clypeus with apex ....Rh. zairensis Negr. et al.

- Face completely mat ......................... Rh. shamshevi sp.n.

22. Fore tibiae with a row of 5-7 short dorsal bristles ............

Rh. grootaerti Negr. et al., Rh. vanschuytbroecki Negr. et al.,

Rh. pitkini sp.n.

- Fore tibiae at most with 2 antero- and 2 posterodorsal bristles..

...............................................................23

23. 5 pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles .....Rh. macrocerum Mg.

- 4 pairs of strong and 1-2 pairs of reduced dorsocentral bristles

...............................................................24

24. No small setulae between strong dorsocentral bristles; fore

tibiae with 2 posterodorsal setae only .......Rh. bukzeevae sp.n.

- One pair of reduced setae between second and third pairs of

strong dorsocentral bristles; fore tibiae with 2 antero- and 2

posterodorsal setae ...........................................25

25. First flagellomere twice as long as high at base.................

...............................................Rh. mcveighi sp.n.

- First flagellomere thrice as long as high at base ...............

................................................Rh. reaveyi sp.n.

__________

* described from a female

Descriptions and new records

Rhaphium zairensis Negrobov, Grichanov & Bakari (Fig. 1)

Material examined: 37 males, 7 females. Kenya: 15-20.XII.1970 (A.

E. Stubbs), BM 1972-211 / Kakamega Forest, 5200 feet. 1 male, Kenya:

15-20.XII.1970 (A.E. Stubbs), BM 1972-211 / Kericho, 6500 feet. 1

male, Kenya: 15-20.XII.1970 (A.E. Stubbs), BM 1972-211 / Lake Nakuru,

5767 feet. 1 female, Kenya: Aberdare Range, 25.X.1934, B.M.E.Afr.Exp.

B.M.1935-203 / Mt. Kinangop, 9000 ft (F.W. Edwards). 2 males, Uganda:

Ruwenzori Range, XII.1934-I.1935, B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M. 1935-203 /

Kilembe, 4500 ft (F.W. Edwards).

Distribution: Mountain areas of East Zaire, Uganda and West Kenya.

Diagnosis. Males of Rh. zairensis can be separated from other

species with two strong thorn-like dorsal bristles in basal third of

fore tibiae by linear measurements of first flagellomere, arista and

face, by morphology of cerci and gonopodes and by some other

features. Females are distinguished from Rh. zakonnikovae by whitish

arista, from Rh. shamshevi by partly brilliant clypeus, but probably

only slightly differs from unknown females of Rh. currani and Rh.

bulyginskayae.

Rhaphium zakonnikovae sp.n. (Fig. 2)

Holotype. Male, Uganda: Kigezi Dist., XI.1934, B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M.

1935-203 / Mt. Mgahinga, 10-11000 ft (F.W. Edwards). Paratype. Female

with same data as holotype.

Description. Frons metallic black, with violet reflection, slightly

greyish pollinose. Face densely silvery-white pollinose, with

narrowing edges, 2.5 times as high as wide under antennae and 1.5

times as wide as height of first flagellomere. Occiput black, grey

pollinose. Palpi and proboscis short, brown, covered with small brown

hairs. Antennae 1.5 times as long as height of head. First

flagellomere oblong, narrow, stripe-formed, densely pubescent, ratio

of its length to height at base, 6.5 : 0.7. Arista with short hairs,

simple, 1/13-th the length of first flagellomere.

Mesonotum metallic black, pleura greyish-white pollinose. Three

pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles, with reduced hairs in front of

them, and a pair of reduced setae between second and third pairs of

strong bristles, acrosticals only in fore part of mesonotum, in two

rows.

Legs and coxae yellow, middle and posterior coxae with brownish

spot at base, hind femora at apex, hind tibia and tarsi and apical

segments of other tarsi brownish. Fore coxae from the front with

yellow hairs and bristles of various length. Middle coxae from the

front with yellow hairs and with a strong dark bristle, with thin

brown apical horn, from the outside almost bare. Hind coxae with one

long black external bristle, with several yellow hairs. Fore, middle

and hind femora with a few preapical bristles or hairs. Fore tibiae

with two strong thorn-like dorsal bristles in basal third. Fore tarsi

simple. Length ratio of fore tibia to tarsus (segments from first to

fifth), 4.9 : 3.9 : 1.8 : 1.2 : 1.0 : 1.0. Middle tibiae with two

anterodorsal, two short posterodorsal, one short posteroventral and

three or four apical bristles. Length ratio of middle tibia to tarsus

(segments from first to fifth), 7.9 : 5.1 : 2.1 : 1.5 : 1.1 : 0.8.

Hind tibiae with two anterodorsal, two posterodorsal and three or

four apical bristles. Length ratio of hind tibia to tarsus (segments

from first to fifth), 11.3 : 3.4 : 2.3 : 2.0 : 1.4 : 1.1.

Wings. Ratio of parts of costa between r2+3 and r4+5 to those

between r4+5 and m1+2, 3.8 : 1.2. Ratio of apical to basal part of m1

+2, 7.7 : 6.1. Ratio of posterior transversal vein to apical part of

m3+4, 2.2 : 5.5. Squamae yellow, with yellow bristles. Halteres

yellow.

Abdomen dark-brown, slightly grey pollinose. All segments of

abdomen with dark and light hairs and bristles. Hypopygium dark

brown, with short bristles. Cerci and gonopodes brown. Cerci long,

narrow, filiform, with long external hairs. Ventral appendices short,

oval, with dark setae. Gonopodes narrow, with long distal leaf-like

lobe.

Female. Similar to male except lacking male secondary sexual

characters, otherwise as follows: face black, completely

greyish-white pollinose, with parallel edges, twice as high as wide

under antennae and nearly twice as wide as height of first

flagellomere; palpi shorter than width of face; antennae slightly

longer than height of head; first flagellomere twice as long as heigh

at base. Length ratio of first flagellomere to arista, 1.5 : 3.8.

Arista black.

Length: body 2.7 - 3.0 mm; body with antennae 3.5 - 4.0 mm;

wing-length 3.9 mm; wing-width 1.4 mm.

Distribution: Mountain area of Uganda.

Etymology. The species named after the Russian entomologist Mrs

Ksenia Zakonnikova.

Diagnosis. Males of Rh. zakonnikovae can be separated from other

species with two strong thorn-like dorsal bristles in basal third of

fore tibiae by the following combination of attributes: first

flagellomere 9 times as long as high at base, 13 times longer than

arista, face 2.5 times as high as wide under antennae, fore femora

without long ciliae, cerci simple, gonopodes with long leaf-like

distal lobe. Females are distinguished from known species by black

arista, but probably do not differ much from unknown females of other

species.

Rhaphium bulyginskayae sp.n. (Fig. 3)

Holotype. Male, Kenya: Aberdare Range, X.1934, B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M.

1935-203 / Katamayo, 8000 ft (F.W. Edwards).

Description. Frons metallic black, with violet reflection, face

densely greyish-white pollinose. Face with narrowing edges, four

times as high as wide under antennae and nearly as wide as height of

first flagellomere. Occiput black, slightly grey pollinose. Palpi and

proboscis short, brown, covered with small brown hairs. Antennae 1.5

times as long as height of head. First flagellomere oblong, narrow,

stripe-formed, densely pubescent, ratio of its length to height at

base, 4.2 : 0.6. Arista with short hairs, simple, one-third the

length of first flagellomere.

Mesonotum metallic black, pleura greyish-white pollinose. Three

pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles, with hairs in front of them,

and a pair of reduced setae between second and third pairs of strong

bristles, acrosticals only in fore part of mesonotum, in two rows.

Legs and fore coxae yellow, middle and posterior coxae brownish,

hind femora at apex and apical segments of tarsi slightly darkened.

Fore coxae from the front with yellow hairs and with 2-3 setae of

various length. Middle coxae from the front with yellow and black

hairs and with a strong black bristle, with thin yellow apical horn,

from the outside almost bare. Hind coxae with one long black external

bristle and with several hairs. Fore femora all along with a row of 9

-10 posteroventral dark ciliae of the same length, as long as

diameter of femora. Fore, middle and hind femora with a few preapical

bristles or hairs. Fore tibiae with two strong thorn-like dorsal

bristles in basal third. Fore tarsi simple. Length ratio of fore

tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth), 4.4 : 3.3 : 1.7 : 1.3

: 0.9 : 0.8. Middle tibiae with two anterodorsal, two posterodorsal,

one short posteroventral and three or four apical bristles. Length

ratio of middle tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth), 6.8 :

3.6 : 1.7 : 1.5 : 1.0 : 0.8. Hind tibiae with one distinct

anterodorsal, four or five apical bristles and a row of short curved

anteroventral ciliae in apical fourth. Length ratio of hind tibia to

tarsus (segments from first to fifth), 9.0 : 3.1 : 2.2 : 1.7 : 1.3 :

1.0.

Wings. Ratio of parts of costa between r2+3 and r4+5 to between r4+

5 and m1+2, 3.3 : 1.3. Ratio of apical to basal part of m1+2, 10.8 :

8.5. Ratio of posterior transversal vein to apical part of m3+4, 1.7

: 3.8. Squamae yellow, with yellow and brown bristles. Halteres

yellow.

Abdomen brown, brilliant. Hypopygium dark brown, with short

bristles. Cerci and gonopodes brown. Cerci long, narrow,

stripe-shaped, with long external hairs. Ventral appendices short,

narrow, with long bristles. Gonopodes narrow, bifurcated, with long

narrow lobes; dorsal lobi wider, rounded at apex; ventral lobi almost

straight, pointed at apex.

Female. Unknown.

Length: body 2.7 mm; body with antennae 3.6 mm; wing-length 3.4 mm;

wing-width 1.1 mm.

Distribution: Mountain areas of West Kenya.

Etymology. The species named after the Russian entomologist Mrs

Maria Bulyginskaya.

Diagnosis. Males of Rh. bulyginskayae can be separated from other

species with two strong thorn-like dorsal bristles in basal third of

fore tibiae by the following combination of attributes: first

flagellomere 7 times as long as high at base, thrice longer than

arista, face 4 times as high as wide under antennae, fore femora with

a row of posteroventral ciliae of the same length, hind tibiae only

with one distinct anterodorsal bristle and with a row of short curved

anteroventral ciliae in apical fourth, cerci simple, gonopodes

narrow, bifurcated.

Rhaphium shamshevi sp.n. (Fig. 4)

Holotype. Male, Uganda: Ruwenzori Range, XII.1934-I.1935,

B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M. 1935-203 / Namwamba Valley, 6500 ft (F.W.

Edwards). Paratypes. 1 male and 3 females with same data as holotype;

1 male, Uganda: Ruwenzori Range, XII.1934-I.1935, B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M.

1935-203 / Klembe, 4500 ft (F.W. Edwards).

Description. Frons metallic black, with green-violet reflection.

Face densely silvery-white pollinose, narrow, with narrowing edges,

3.5 times as high as wide under antennae and as wide as height of

first flagellomere. Occiput black. Palpi and proboscis short, brown,

covered with small brown hairs. Antennae 1.5 times as long as height

of head. First flagellomere oblong, narrow, stripe-formed, densely

pubescent, ratio of its length to height at base, 4.8 : 0.6. Arista

with short hairs, simple, one-fifth the length of first flagellomere.

Mesonotum metallic black, pleura greyish pollinose. Three pairs of

strong dorsocentral bristles, with hairs in front of them, and a pair

of reduced setae between second and third pairs of strong bristles,

acrosticals only in fore part of mesonotum, in two rows.

Legs and coxae yellow, hind femora at apex, and apical segments of

tarsi slightly darkened. Fore coxae from the front with yellow hairs

and with 3-4 dark setae of various length. Middle coxae from the

front with dark hairs, with two brown bristles, and with brown apical

horn, from the outside bare. Hind coxae with one long black external

bristle. Fore femora all along with ventral and posterior irregular

rows of hairs of different length. Fore, middle and hind femora with

a few thin preapical setae or hairs. Fore tibiae with two strong

thorn-like dorsal bristles in basal third. Fore tarsi with a row of

fine dorsal hairs, as long as diameter of respective segment. Length

ratio of fore tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth), 4.4 :

2.5 : 1.5 : 0.9 : 0.7 : 0.7. Middle tibiae with two anterodorsal, one

or two posterodorsal, and two or three apical bristles. Length ratio

of middle tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth), 6.1 : 3.3 :

1.5 : 1.3 : 0.9 : 0.7. Hind tibiae with two anterodorsal, two

posterodorsal and three or four apical bristles; all setae short.

Length ratio of hind tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth),

9.5 : 2.3 : 2.2 : 1.7 : 1.1 : 0.9.

Wings. Ratio of parts of costa between r2+3 and r4+5 to those

between r4+5 and m1+2, 2.5 : 1.2. Ratio of apical to basal part of m1

+2, 8.9 : 7.6. Ratio of posterior transversal vein to apical part of

m3+4, 1.2 : 3.1. Squamae brown, with dark ciliae. Halteres yellow.

Abdomen dark-brown, brilliant. Hypopygium dark brown, with short

bristles. Cerci and gonopodes brown. Cerci long, narrow, filiform,

with long curved external hairs. Ventral appendices short, narrow,

with long bristles. Gonopodes long and narrow, with thin dorsal dens

and wide oval ventral lobe.

Female. Similar to male except lacking male secondary sexual

characters, otherwise as follows: face black, completely

greyish-white pollinose, with parallel edges, twice as high as wide

under antennae and 1.5 times as wide as height of first flagellomere;

palpi shorter as long as width of face, pointed at apex; first

flagellomere twice as long as heigh at base. Length ratio of first

flagellomere to arista varies from 1.3 : 3.5 to 1.3 : 4.3. Arista

whitish. Middle and hind coxae dirty yellow. Fore legs without long

hairs.

Length: body 2.2 - 2.6 mm; body with antennae 2.9 - 3.5 mm;

wing-length 2.5 - 3.3 mm; wing-width 0.8 - 1.0 mm.

Distribution: Mountain areas of Uganda.

Etymology. The species named after the Russian dipterologist Dr

Igor Shamshev.

Diagnosis. Males of Rh. shamshevi can be separated from other

species with two strong thorn-like dorsal bristles in basal third of

fore tibiae by the following combination of attributes: first

flagellomere 8 times as long as high at base, 5 times longer than

arista, face 3.5 times as high as wide under antennae, fore femora

with posterior and ventral irregular rows of hairs of different

length, fore tarsi with a row of fine dorsal hairs, cerci simple,

gonopodes with thin dorsal dens and wide oval ventral lobe. Females

are distinguished from known species by whitish arista and completely

mat face, but probably do not differ much from unknown females of

other species.

Rhaphium grootaerti Negrobov, Grichanov & Bakari (Fig. 5)

Material examined: 2 males, Uganda: Ruwenzori Range, XII.1934 -

I.1935, B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M. 1935-203 / Mobuku Valley, 6000-7300 ft

(F.W. Edwards).

Distribution: Mountain areas of East Zaire and Uganda (Ruwenzori

Range).

Diagnosis. Males of Rh. grootaerti can be easily separated from

other species with a row of 5-10 anterodorsal bristles at fore tibiae

and three pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles by bifurcated cerci.

Gonopodes have three distal lobes of various shape. Females have no

distinct differences from females of Rh. vanschuytbroecki and Rh.

pitkini.

Rhaphium vanschuytbroecki Negrobov, Grichanov & Bakari (Fig. 6)

Material examined: 5 males, 2 females, Uganda: Ruwenzori Range,

XII.1934-I.1935, B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M. 1935-203 / Namwamba Valley, 6500

ft (F.W. Edwards). 1 male, Uganda: Ruwenzori Range, XII.1934-I.1935,

B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M. 1935-203 / Namwamba Valley, 8300 ft (F.W.

Edwards). 1 male, Uganda: Ruwenzori Range, XII.1934-I.1935,

B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M. 1935-203 / Mobuku Valley, 7300 ft (F.W. Edwards).

3 males, 2 female, Kenya: Aberdare Range, X.1934, B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M.

1935-203 / Mt. Kinangop, 8000 ft (F.W. Edwards) /Cedar forest. 2

males, 1 female, Kenya: Aberdare Range, X.1934, B.M.E.Afr.Exp.

B.M.1935-203 / Mt. Kinangop, 9000 ft (F.W. Edwards). 1 female, Kenya:

Aberdare Range, 25.X.1934, B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M.1935-203 / Mt.

Kinangop, 9000 ft (F.W. Edwards). 1 female, Kenya: Aberdare Range, 1.

XI.1934, B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M.1935-203 / Mt. Kinangop, 9000 ft (F.W.

Edwards). 1 male, Kenya: 17.XII.1970 (A.E. Stubbs), BM 1972-211 /

Kericho, 6500 feet. 1 female, Kenya: 15.XII.1970 (A.E. Stubbs), BM

1972-211 / 14-16 km S of Nakuru.

Distribution: Mountain areas of East Zaire, Uganda and West Kenya.

Diagnosis. Males of Rh. vanschuytbroecki are placed in the group of

species with a row of 5-10 anterodorsal bristles at fore tibiae and

three pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles, and can be distinguished

from other species by long ventral hairs at fore tibiae, simple

cerci, two lobes and two bundles of long bristles in apical half of

gonopodes. Females have no distinct differences from Rh. grootaerti

and Rh. pitkini.

Rhaphium pitkini sp.n. (Fig. 7)

Holotype. Male, S. Africa (5), Kloof Nek, Cape Town, 1-2.I.1972.

Southern African Exp. B.M. 1972-1. Paratypes. Male and female with

same data as holotype.

Description. Frons metallic blue-black, Face densely silvery-white

pollinose, with narrowing edges, 2 times as high as wide under

antennae and 2 times as wide as height of first flagellomere. Occiput

mat-black. Palpi and proboscis short, black, with black hairs.

Antennae nearly twice as long as height of head. First flagellomere

oblong, narrow, stripe-formed, densely pubescent, ratio of its length

to height at base, 5.5 : 0.6. Arista with short hairs, simple,

one-fifth the length of first flagellomere.

Mesonotum metallic black, pleura greyish-white pollinose. Three

pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles, with reduced bristle in front

of them, and a pair of reduced setae between second and third pairs

of strong bristles, acrosticals only in fore part of mesonotum, in

two rows.

Legs and coxae yellow, middle coxae with brown spot at base, apical

segments of tarsi darkened. Fore coxae from the front with yellow

hairs and four or five dark bristles of various length. Middle coxae

from the front with yellow and black hairs and with two strong black

bristle, with thin brown apical horn, from the outside almost bare.

Hind coxae with one long black external bristle. Fore, middle and

hind femora with one or two small preapical bristles, without long

ciliae. Fore tibiae with row of 6-9 short dorsal bristles. Fore tarsi

simple. Length ratio of fore tibia to tarsus (segments from first to

fifth), 4.4 : 2.5 : 1.7 : 1.1 : 0.7 : 0.7. Middle tibiae with two

anterodorsal, two posterodorsal, and two or three apical bristles.

Length ratio of middle tibia to tarsus (segments from first to

fifth), 5.8 : 3.1 : 1.7 : 1.2 : 0.8 : 0.7. Hind tibiae with two

anterodorsal, two posterodorsal and two or three apical bristles.

Length ratio of hind tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth),

7.9 : 2.0 : 2.3 : 1.5 : 1.0 : 0.7.

Wings. Ratio of parts of costa between r2+3 and r4+5 to those

between r4+5 and m1+2, 2.2 : 0.9. Ratio of apical to basal part of m1

+2, 7.6 : 5.6. Ratio of posterior transversal vein to apical part of

m3+4 - 1 : 3. Squamae yellow, with dirty-yellow bristles. Halteres

yellow.

Abdomen bronze-black. Hypopygium black, with short hairs. Cerci and

gonopodes brown. Cerci long, narrow, stripe-shaped, with long

external hairs. Ventral appendices short, narrow, with long black

apical bristles. Gonopodes with strong dorsal lobe and round

leaf-like ventral lobe.

Female. Similar to male except lacking male secondary sexual

characters, otherwise as follows: face black, grey pollinose, wide,

with parallel edges; palpi large, with dark bristles; antennae as

long as height of head; ratio of length to height of first

flagellomere to length of arista - 1.2 : 0.7 : 3.7. Arista whitish.

Length: body 2.1 mm; body with antennae 3.1 mm; wing-length 2.4 mm;

wing-width 0.7 mm.

Distribution: South Africa.

Etymology. The species named after the English dipterologist Dr

Brian Pitkin.

Diagnosis. Males of Rh. pitkini appear closely related to Rh.

vanschuytbroecki and can be separated from the last one by lacking of

long ventral hairs at fore tibiae and by presence of only one group

of relatively long apical bristles between two lobes of gonopodes. It

can be distinguished from other species of the genus by black

abdomen, yellow legs and halteres, 6-9 anterodorsal bristles at fore

tibiae and three pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles. Females have

no distinct differences from Rh. vanschuytbroecki and Rh. grootaerti.

Rhaphium ovsyannikovae sp.n. (Fig. 8)

Holotype. Male, Uganda: Ruwenzori Range, XII.1934-I.1935,

B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M. 1935-203 / Namwamba Valley, 10200 ft (F.W.

Edwards). Paratype. 1 male without abdomen and hind legs, Uganda:

Ruwenzori Range, XII.1934-I.1935, B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M. 1935-203 /

Namwamba Valley, 11000 ft (E.G. Gibbins).

Description. Frons black, grey pollinose. Face densely

silvery-white pollinose, with narrowing edges, 2 times as high as

wide under antennae and as wide as height of first flagellomere.

Occiput bronze-black, grey pollinose. Palpi short, brown, covered

with short brown bristles. Proboscis short, black, with black hairs.

Antennae 1.5 times as long as height of head. First flagellomere

oblong, narrow, stripe-formed, pubescent, its length 6 times as long

as height at base. Arista with short dense hairs, simple, one-third

the length of first flagellomere; basal article of arista one-fourth

the length of apical article.

Mesonotum metallic bronze-black, slightly pollinose, pleura greyish

-white pollinose. Four pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles, with

reduced bristles and hairs in front of them, acrosticals only in fore

part of mesonotum, in two rows.

Legs and coxae dirty-yellow, middle and posterior coxae with brown

spot at base, femora from above and apical segments of tarsi slightly

darkened. Fore coxae from the front with dark hairs and with four or

five dark bristles of various length. Middle coxae from the front

with dark hairs and with a strong and some thin black bristles, with

brown apical horn, from the outside almost bare. Hind coxae with one

long black external bristle, with several hairs. Fore femora in basal

half with some ventral brown hairs, as long as diameter of femora.

Fore femora with a few preapical hairs, middle femora with 1

anterior, 1 posterior preapical bristles and some posterior preapical

setae, hind femora with 1 anterior preapical bristle and a few

posterior preapical hairs. Fore tibiae with a row of 10-12 short

dorsal bristles, and with a row of ventral setulae, which are less

than diameter of tibia, without apical bristles. Fore tarsi simple.

Length ratio of fore tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth),

5.8 : 3.7 : 1.8 : 1.1 : 0.8 : 0.7. Middle tibiae with two

anterodorsal, two posterodorsal, one posteroventral and two or three

apical bristles. Length ratio of middle tibia to tarsus (segments

from first to fifth), 7.7 : 4.6 : 2.4 : 1.7 : 1.0 : 0.9. Hind tibiae

with one thin anterodorsal, two posterodorsal, four or five ventral

and two or three apical bristles. First and second segments of hind

tarsi with numerous thin anterior setulae, as long as diameter of

respective segment. Length ratio of hind tibia to tarsus (segments

from first to fifth), 11.0 : 3.3 : 3.0 : 2.1 : 1.5 : 1.1.

Wings. Ratio of parts of costa between r2+3 and r4+5 to those

between r4+5 and m1+2 - 4.0 : 1.3. Ratio of apical to basal part of

m1+2, 14.5 : 8.5. Ratio of posterior transversal vein to apical part

of m3+4, 1.9 : 5.7. Squamae yellow, with dirty-yellow bristles.

Halteres yellow.

Abdomen metallic dark-brown. Hypopygium black, with short bristles.

Cerci and gonopodes brown. Cerci long, narrow, stripe-shaped, with

long dense external hairs. Ventral appendices short, oval, with long

apical bristles. Gonopodes narrow, with two small distal lobes.

Female. Unknown.

Length: body 2.9 mm; body with antennae 3.9 mm; wing-length 3.9 mm,

wing-width 1.3 mm.

Distribution: Mountain area of Uganda (Ruwenzori Range).

Etymology. The species named after the Russian entomologist Mrs

Helena Ovsyannikova.

Diagnosis. Rh. ovsyannikovae together with Rh. doroninae forms the

group of species with a row of 5-10 anterodorsal bristles at fore

tibiae, with posteroventral ciliae at fore femora, and with 4 pairs

of strong dorsocentral bristles, and can be separated from each other

by linear measurements of antennae, chaetotaxy of legs and morphology

of gonopodes. Males of Rh. ovsyannikovae have arista one-third the

length of first flagellomere, 10-12 feable dorsal setae at fore

tibiae, 4-5 ventral bristles at hind tibiae, numerous anterior

setulae at hind tarsi, and gonopodes with two small separate distal

lobes.

Rhaphium doroninae sp.n. (Fig. 9)

Holotype. Male, Uganda: Ruwenzori Range, XII.1934-I.1935,

B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M. 1935-203 / Namwamba Valley, 10200 ft (F.W.

Edwards).

Description. Frons bronze-black, grey pollinose. Face densely

silvery-white pollinose, with narrowing edges, 3 times as high as

wide under antennae and as wide as height of first flagellomere.

Occiput bronze-green, grey pollinose. Palpi short, black, covered

with small brown hairs and bristles. Proboscis short, brown, with

dark hairs. Antennae twice as long as height of head. First

flagellomere oblong, narrow, stripe-formed, pubescent, ratio of its

length to height at base, 6.5 : 0.8. Arista with short hairs, simple,

one-sixth the length of first flagellomere; basal article of arista

one-fourth the length of apical article.

Mesonotum metallic bronze-black, pleura greyish-white pollinose.

Four pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles, with reduced bristles and

hairs in front of them, acrosticals only in fore part of mesonotum,

in two rows.

Legs and coxae yellow, middle and posterior coxae with brown spot

at base, hind tibiae at apex and apical segments of tarsi darkened.

Fore coxae from the front with dense yellow hairs and with three or

four dark bristles of various length. Middle coxae from the front

with yellow hairs and with two strong dark bristles, with brown

apical horn, from the outside almost bare. Hind coxae with one long

black external bristle, with several yelow hairs. Fore femora in

basal half with a row of ventral brown hairs, of the length smaller

than diameter of femora, few preapical hairs, middle and hind femora

with 1 preapical bristle. Fore tibiae with a row of 6-8 strong dorsal

bristles, and with a row of ventral setulae, which are shorter than

diameter of tibia. Fore protarsus beneath with a row of short

setulae, which are shorter than diameter of segment. Fore tarsi

simple. Length ratio of fore tibia to tarsus (segments from first to

fifth), 6.5 : 3.5 : 1.3 : 1.0 : 0.7 : 0.8. Middle tibiae with two

anterodorsal, two posterodorsal, three or four apical bristles.

Length ratio of middle tibia to tarsus (segments from first to

fifth), 8.6 : 4.9 : 2.4 : 1.7 : 1.1 : 0.9. Hind tibiae with two

anterodorsal, two posterodorsal and four or five apical bristles.

Length ratio of hind tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth),

12.2 : 3.6 : 3.2 : 2.2 : 1.5 : 1.2.

Wings. Ratio of parts of costa between r2+3 and r4+5 to those

between r4+5 and m1+2, 3.5 : 1.3. Ratio of apical to basal part of m1

+2, 13.5 : 9.5. Ratio of posterior transversal vein to apical part of

m3+4, 1.8 : 5.2. Squamae yellow, with yellow bristles. Halteres

yellow.

Abdomen metallic brown. Hypopygium dark-brown, with short setae.

Cerci and gonopodes yellow-brown. Cerci long, narrow, stripe-shaped,

with long external hairs. Ventral appendices short, narrow, oval,

with long bristles. Gonopodes spoon-like with three merged distal

lobes.

Female. Unknown.

Length: body 3.3 mm; body with antennae 4.6 mm; wing-length 3.8 mm,

wing-width 1.2 mm.

Distribution: Mountain area of Uganda (Ruwenzori Range).

Etymology. The species named after the Russian entomologist Mrs

Galina Doronina.

Diagnosis. Rh. doroninae together with Rh. ovsyannikovae forms the

group of species with a row of 5-10 anterodorsal bristles at fore

tibiae, with posteroventral ciliae at fore femora, and with 4 pairs

of strong dorsocentral bristles, and can be separated from the last

one by the following attributes: arista one-sixth the length of first

flagellomere, 6-8 strong dorsal bristles at fore tibiae, lack of

ventral bristles at hind tibiae, gonopodes with three merged distal

lobes.

Rhaphium reaveyi sp.n. (Fig. 10)

Holotype. Male, Kenya: Mt. Kenya, N.side, 11000-12000 ft / Heather,

stream, 20-22.XII.1980 (P.S. Cranston), B.M. 1981-79. Paratypes. 2

males with same data as holotypes; 3 males, Kenya: Aberdare Range, X.

1934, B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M.1935-203 / Nieri Track, 10500 ft (F.W.

Edwards); 3 males, Kenya: Aberdare Range, X.1934, B.M. E.Afr.Exp.

B.M.1935-203 / Mt. Kinangop, 10000 ft (F.W. Edwards). 2 males, 1

female, Kenya: Aberdare Range, X.1934, B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M.1935-203 /

Mt. Kinangop, 12000 ft (F.W. Edwards) / on Senecio brassicaeformis;

13 males, 3 females, E. Africa: Mt Kenya, Naro Moru, 11000 ft,

29.VIII.1949 (J.A. Riley) / O.U.E. Exp. Mt. Kenya, B.M. 1949-562.

Description. Frons metallic black, grey pollinose. Face black,

densely silvery-grey pollinose, with slightly narrowing edges, 2.5

times as high as wide under antennae and 1.5 times as wide as height

of first flagellomere. Occiput bronze-green, grey pollinose. Palpi

short, black, covered with small black hairs. Proboscis short, black,

with black hairs. Antennae twice as long as height of head. First

flagellomere oblong, narrow, stripe-formed, densely pubescent, Ratio

of its length to height at base, 8.0 : 0.6. Arista with very short

hairs, simple, one-fifth the length of first flagellomere.

Mesonotum metallic dark-green, pleura grey pollinose. Four pairs of

strong dorsocentral bristles, with reduced bristles and hairs in

front of them, one pair of reduced chetae between second and third

pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles, acrosticals only in fore part

of mesonotum, in two rows.

Legs dark-yellow, fore coxae at base, middle and posterior coxae

brown, femora from above, hind tibiae at apex and apical segments of

tarsi brownish. Fore coxae from the front with dense yellow hairs and

with three or four black apical bristles of various length. Middle

coxae from the front with light and black hairs, with two strong

black bristles, and with brownish apical bristles, from the outside

almost bare. Hind coxae with one long black external bristle, with

several hairs. Fore femora in apical half with postero-ventral hairs,

of the length smaller than diameter of femora. Middle and hind femora

with 1 strong and a few fine preapical bristles. Fore tibiae with two

anterodorsal, two posterodorsal and two apical bristles, with a row

of ventral bristles in apical half, which are longer than diameter of

tibia. Fore protarsus slightly thickened at apex, beneath with two

rows of bristles, twice as long as diameter of segment. Length ratio

of fore tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth), 6.0 : 4.0 :

3.5 : 2.1 : 1.2 : 1.0. Middle tibiae with two anterodorsal, two

posterodorsal, one anteroventral and three apical bristles. Length

ratio of middle tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth), 8.7 :

5.2 : 2.6 : 1.9 : 1.2 : 1.0. Hind tibiae with two anterodorsal, two

posterodorsal and three or four apical bristles. Length ratio of hind

tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth), 12.5 : 3.7 : 3.6 :

2.5 : 1.6 : 1.2.

Wings. Ratio of parts of costa between r2+3 and r4+5 to those

between r4+5 and m1+2, 4.9 : 1.5. Ratio of apical to basal part of m1

+2, 8.2 : 5.5. Ratio of posterior transversal vein to apical part of

m3+4, 1.4 : 3.2. Squamae yellow, with dark-yellow bristles. Halteres

yellow.

Abdomen metallic dark-green, slightly grey pollinose. Hypopygium

bronze-black, with short setae. Cerci and gonopodes black. Cerci

simple, long, narrow, filiform, with long external hairs. Ventral

appendices as long as gonopodes, narrow, stripe-shaped, with black

short external bristles. Gonopodes broad, diamond-shaped from the

lateral view, with a bundle of apicoventral hairs.

Female. Similar to male except lacking male secondary sexual

characters, otherwise as follows: face with parallel edges, twice as

high as wide under antennae and twice as wide as height of first

flagellomere; antennae equal to height of head; palpi with black

bristles, nearly as long as width of face; ratio of length to height

of first flagellomere to length of arista, 2.3 : 0.8 : 4.1.

Length: body 2.7-4.1 mm; body with antennae 3.8-4.6 mm; wing-length

3.4-4.4 mm, wing-width 1.5-1.6 mm.

Distribution: Mountain areas of East Kenya.

Etymology. The species named after the English entomologist Dr

D. Reaveyi.

Diagnosis. Rh. reaveyi seems very close to Rh. picketi even on the

basis of male genitalia characters. Its males can be separated from

the last one by shortened first segment of fore tarsi, by presence of

long strong bristle near the base of double-headed ventral appendix

at gonopodes, and by some other subtle features. Both species are

distinguished from other species of the genus by the following

combination of attributes: fore tibiae with 1-2 anterodorsal, 2

posterodorsal and a row of long strong ventral bristles, fore

basitarsi with two rows of long ventral bristles, four pairs of

strong dorsocentral bristles with one pair of reduced chetae between

second and third pairs, arista one-fifth the length of first

flagellomere, ventral appendices of cerci as long as gonopodes, which

are broad, diamond-shaped from the lateral view. Females of Rh.

reavei are probably the same as unknown females of Rh. picketi,

separating from Rh. mcveighi by lengthened first flagellomere.

Rhaphium picketi sp.n. (Fig. 11)

Holotype. Male, Kenya: Mt. Elgon, II.1935, B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M.1935-

203 / Heath Zone, 10500-11500 ft. (F.W. Edwards). Paratypes. 3 males,

Uganda: Mt. Elgon, 8.VIII.1934 (J. Ford), B.M. 1935-459 / On Lobelia

aberdarica, Balambuli, 9500 ft.

Description. Frons bronze-black, grey pollinose. Face black,

densely silvery-grey pollinose, with slightly narrowing edges, 2.5

times as high as wide under antennae and 1.5 times as wide as height

of first flagellomere. Occiput bronze-green, grey pollinose. Palpi

short, brown. Proboscis short, brown, with short black hairs.

Antennae twice as long as height of head. First flagellomere oblong,

narrow, stripe-formed, densely pubescent, ratio of its length to

height at base, 5.0 : 0.4. Arista with very short hairs, simple, one-

fifth the length of first flagellomere.

Mesonotum metallic dark-green, pleura greyish-white pollinose. Four

pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles, with reduced bristles and

hairs in front of them, one pair of reduced chetae between second and

third pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles, acrosticals only in fore

part of mesonotum, in two rows.

Legs and coxae yellow, all coxae dark-brown at base, hind tibiae at

apex and apical segments of tarsi slightly darkened. Fore coxae from

the front with yellow hairs and with one to three dark bristles of

various length. Middle coxae from the front with dark hairs, with two

strong black bristles, and with brown apical horn, from the outside

almost bare. Hind coxae with one long black external bristle, with

several hairs. Fore femora all along ventral and posterior side,

middle and hind femora near apex with dark hairs of the length

smaller than diameter of respective femora. Middle and hind femora

with 1 preapical bristle. Fore tibiae with one anterodorsal, two

posterodorsal, two or three apical bristles, with a row of ventral

bristles in apical third, as long as diameter of tibia. Fore

protarsus slightly thickened at apex, beneath with two rows of

bristles, which are longer than diameter of segment. Length ratio of

fore tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth), 5.3 : 3.4 : 1.7

: 1.3 : 0.9 : 0.9. Middle tibiae with two anterodorsal, two

posterodorsal, one anteroventral and three or four apical bristles.

Length ratio of middle tibia to tarsus (segments from first to

fifth), 7.9 : 4.5 : 2.0 : 1.5 : 0.9 : 1.0. Hind tibiae with two

anterodorsal, two posterodorsal and four or five apical bristles.

Length ratio of hind tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth),

10.5 : 3.1 : 3.0 : 1.9 : 1.2 : 1.0.

Wings. Ratio of parts of costa between r2+3 and r4+5 to those

between r4+5 and m1+2, 3.6 : 1.4. Ratio of apical to basal part of m1

+2, 6.5 : 5.0. Ratio of posterior transversal vein to apical part of

m3+4, 1.1 : 3.0. Squamae yellow, with yellow hairs. Halteres yellow.

Abdomen metallic dark-green, grey pollinose. Hypopygium dark-brown,

with short strong setae. Cerci and gonopodes brown. Cerci simple,

long, narrow, stripe-shaped, with black bristles. Ventral appendices

as long as gonopodes, narrow, oval, with short external bristles.

Gonopodes widened at apex, diamond-shaped from the lateral view, with

a bundle of apicoventral hairs.

Female. Unknown.

Length: body 2.8-3.2 mm; body with antennae 4.3-4.7 mm; wing-length

3.4-4.3 mm, wing-width 1.3 mm.

Distribution: Environments of Mount Elgon in Kenya and Uganda.

Etymology. The species named after the English entomologist Dr

John Pickett.

Diagnosis. Rh. picketi is closely related to Rh. reavei and can be

separated from the last one by long first segment of fore tarsi, by

lack of long strong bristle near the base of double-headed ventral

appendix at gonopodes and by some other subtle characters. See remark

under Rh. reavei.

Rhaphium bukzeevae sp.n. (Fig. 12)

Holotype. Male, Uganda: Ruwenzori Range, XII.1934-I.1935,

B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M. 1935-203 / Namwamba Valley, 13000-14000 ft (F.W.

Edwards). Paratypes. 8 males and 3 females with same data as

holotype; 1 female, Uganda: Ruwenzori Range, XII.1934-I.1935,

B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M. 1935-203 / Namwamba Valley, 11500 ft (F.W.

Edwards); 5 males and 1 female, Uganda: Ruwenzori Range,

XII.1934-I.1935, B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M. 1935-203 / Namwamba Valley,

12000-13000 ft (D.R. Buxton); 1 male and 2 females, Uganda:

Ruwenzori, Giant Heath, Tanganyika, 6.I.1962 (A.D. Harrison) / Univ.

Coll. Rhodesia & Nyasalend Exped. B.M. 1971-559; 1 female, Uganda:

Ruwenzori, Kamusongi Valley, Rock Snelter, 12000 ft., 30.XII.1961 (A.

D. Harrison) / Univ. Coll. Rhodesia & Nyasalend Exped. B.M. 1971-559;

1 female, Uganda: Ruwenzori Range, Lake Bujuku, 13050 ft., 22-28.

VII.1952 (D.S. Fletcher) / Ruwenzori Exped. B.M. 1952-566; 2 females,

Uganda: Ruwenzori Range, Lamia Valley, 11900 ft., 30-31. VII.1952 (D.

S. Fletcher) / Ruwenzori Exped. B.M. 1952-566; 1 female, Uganda:

Ruwenzori Range, Bigo, 11400 ft., 20-22. VII.1952 (D.S. Fletcher) /

Ruwenzori Exped. B.M. 1952-566.

Description. Frons bronze-black, grey pollinose. Face black,

densely silvery-grey pollinose, with narrowing edges, 2 times as high

as wide under antennae and 1.5 times as wide as height of first

flagellomere. Occiput bronze-black, grey pollinose. Palpi short,

brown, covered with small brown hairs. Proboscis short, black, with

short black setulae. Antennae nearly twice as long as height of head.

First flagellomere oblong, narrow, densely pubescent, ratio of its

length to height at base, 4.8 : 0.8. Arista with short hairs, simple,

three-fourths the length of first flagellomere; basal article of

arista one-sixth the length of apical article.

Mesonotum metallic bronze-black, pleura greyish-white pollinose.

Four pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles, with reduced bristles and

hairs in front of them, without reduced chetae between second and

third pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles, acrosticals only in fore

part of mesonotum, in two rows.

Legs dark-yellow, fore coxae at base, middle and posterior coxae

brown, femora from avove, hind tibiae and all segments of tarsi

brownish. Fore coxae from the front with yellow hairs and black

bristles of various length. Middle coxae from the front with yellow

and black hairs, with two strong black bristles, and with some apical

setae, from the outside almost bare. Hind coxae with one long black

external bristle, with several hairs. Fore femora with a few

posterior preapical hairs, middle and hind femora with one strong and

a few fine preapical bristles. Fore tibiae with two posterodorsal,

and two or three apical bristles. Fore tarsi simple. Length ratio of

fore tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth), 7.0 : 3.9 : 2.4

: 1.6 : 1.1 : 1.1. Middle tibiae with two anterodorsal, two

posterodorsal, one anteroventral and three or four apical bristles.

Length ratio of middle tibia to tarsus (segments from first to

fifth), 9.8 : 5.6 : 2.6 : 1.8 : 1.2 : 1.2. Hind tibiae with two

anterodorsal, two or three strong and several small posterodorsal,

and four or five apical bristles. Length ratio of hind tibia to

tarsus (segments from first to fifth), 13.0 : 4.3 : 3.8 : 2.5 : 1.5 :

1.5.

Wings. Ratio of parts of costa between r2+3 and r4+5 to those

between r4+5 and m1+2, 4.6 : 1.8. Ratio of apical to basal part of m1

+2, 8.1 : 6.5. Ratio of posterior transversal vein to apical part of

m3+4, 1.4 : 3.3. Squamae yellow, with dirty-yellow bristles. Halteres

yellow.

Abdomen metallic dark-bronze-green, grey pollinose. Hypopygium

bronze-black, with short bristles. Cerci and gonopodes dark-brown.

Cerci simple, long, narrow, filiform, with long external bristles.

Ventral appendices short, narrow, oval, with short external bristles.

Gonopodes with long narrow dorsal lobe, densely haired from ventral

side, with round ventral lobe, with thin double-headed appendix and a

bundle of bristles near its base in the middle of ventral side of

gonopode.

Female. Similar to male except lacking male secondary sexual

characters, otherwise as follows: face with parallel edges, 1.5 times

as high as wide under antennae and thrice as wide as height of first

flagellomere; antennae equal to height of head; palpi with black

bristles, nearly as long as width of face; ratio of length to height

of first flagellomere to length of arista, 1.5 : 0.7 : 4.1.

Length: body 3.2-3.7 mm; body with antennae 4.2-4.7 mm; wing-length

4.5-4.7 mm, wing-width 1.5-1.7 mm.

Distribution: Mountain area of Uganda (Ruwenzori Range).

Etymology. The species named after the Russian entomologist Mrs

Olga Bukzeeva.

Diagnosis. Rh. bukzeevae is placed within the group of species with

simple antero- and posterodorsal setae at fore tibiae. Both sexes can

be distinguished from other species by the following complex of

attributes: abdomen completely dark-bronze, legs dark-yellow, femora

from above and hind tibiae brownish, fore legs without rows of long

bristles, fore tibiae with two posterodorsal setae only, four strong

dorsocentral bristles without reduced setae between them. Males of

Rh. bukzeevae can be also separated from males of other species of

the group by such characters of gonopodes as long narrow dorsal lobe

and round ventral lobe.

Rhaphium mcveighi sp.n. (Fig. 13)

Holotype. Male, Uganda: Mt. Elgon, 8.VIII.1934 (J. Ford), B.M. 1935

-459 / On Lobelia aberdarica, Balambuli, 9500 ft. Paratypes. 2 males

and 2 females, Kenya: Mt. Elgon, II.1935, B.M. E. Afr. Exp.. B. M.

1935-203 / Alpine Zone, 12000 ft. (F.W. Edwards) / On Lobelia

elgonensis.

Description. Frons bronze-black, grey pollinose. Face densely

silvery-grey pollinose, with narrowing edges. Occiput bronze-green,

grey pollinose. Palpi and proboscis short, brown, with dark hairs.

Antennae nearly 1.5 times as long as height of head. First

flagellomere oblong, narrow, densely pubescent, ratio of its length

to height at base, 4.0 : 0.6. Arista with short hairs, simple, from

one-third to two-thirds the length of first flagellomere; basal

article of arista one-sixth the length of apical article.

Mesonotum metallic blue-green, pleura greyish-white pollinose. Four

pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles, with reduced bristles and

hairs in front of them, and one pair of reduced chetae between second

and third pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles, acrosticals only in

fore part of mesonotum, in two rows.

Legs yellow, coxae with brown spot at base, hind tibiae at apex and

apical segments of tarsi darkened, sometimes hind femora from above

slightly darkened. Fore coxae from the front with yellow hairs and

three or four dark bristles of various length. Middle coxae from the

front with yellow hairs, with two strong black bristles, and with

yellow apical horn, from the outside almost bare. Hind coxae with one

long black external bristle, with several hairs. Fore femora with

short posterior preapical hairs, middle and hind femora with one or

two preapical bristles. Fore tibiae with two anterodorsal, two

posterodorsal, and two or three apical bristles. Fore tarsi simple.

Length ratio of fore tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth),

6.5 : 3.9 : 2.6 : 2.0 : 1.1 : 1.0. Middle tibiae with two

anterodorsal, two posterodorsal, and three or four apical bristles.

Length ratio of middle tibia to tarsus (segments from first to

fifth), 9.2 : 5.4 : 3.0 : 2.1 : 1.2 : 1.2. Hind tibiae with two

anterodorsal, two posterodorsal, and three or four apical bristles.

Length ratio of hind tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth),

12.5 : 3.5 : 4.0 : 2.2 : 1.5 : 1.2.

Wings. Ratio of parts of costa between r2+3 and r4+5 to those

between r4+5 and m1+2, 4.5 : 1.5. Ratio of apical to basal part of m1

+2, 8.1 : 6.0. Ratio of posterior transversal vein to apical part of

m3+4, 1.1 : 3.4. Squamae yellow, with yellow bristles. Halteres

yellow.

Abdomen metallic dark-blue-green, grey pollinose. Hypopygium dark -

brown, with short dark bristles. Cerci and gonopodes brown. Cerci

simple, long, narrow, filiform, with long external bristles. Ventral

appendices short, narrow, with short external bristles. Gonopodes

broad and long, sclerotized, pointed at apex, with a bundle of hairs

in the middle of ventral side.

Female. Similar to male except lacking male secondary sexual

characters, otherwise as follows: face with parallel edges, 2.3 times

as high as wide under antennae and twice as wide as height of first

flagellomere; antennae slightly longer than height of head; palpi

with black setae, as long as width of face; ratio of length to height

of first flagellomere to length of arista, 1.7 : 0.8 : 4.2.

Length: body 2.8-3.2 mm; body with antennae 3.8-4.2 mm; wing-length

3.7-4.2 mm, wing-width 1.3-1.4 mm.

Distribution: Environments of Mount Elgon in Kenya and Uganda.

Etymology. The species named after the English entomologist Dr

Lawrence McVeigh.

Diagnosis. Males of Rh. mcveighi can be separated from other

species with two anterodorsal and two posterodorsal bristles at fore

tibiae by the following combination of attributes: abdomen completely

dark-bronze, legs yellow, fore legs without rows of long bristles,

four strong dorsocentral bristles with reduced setae between second

and third pairs, gonopodes broad and long, sclerotized, without

lobes. Females of Rh. mcveighi are distinguished from females of Rh.

reaveyi by shortened first flagellomere.

Acknowledgements

I am sincerely grateful to Dr Brian Pitkin for his kindness in gi-

ving me the opportunity to study the collection of the Natural History

Museum (London). I appreciate the help I have received from Mrs Galina

Grichanova in doing the illustrations.

References

Curran C.H. Records of African Dolichopodidae with descriptions

of new species. - Rev. Zool. Afr.,. 1926, 14, 1, p. 1-39.

Loew H. Bidrag till Koennedomen om Africas Diptera. - Ofvers.

Vetensk.-Akad. Forhandl. (Stockholm), 1858, 15, 7-8, p. 335-341.

Loew H. Die Dipteren-Fauna Sudafricas. Erste Abteilung. - Abh.

Naturw. Ver. Sachs. Thur. Halle, 1860, 2, p. 57-402.

Negrobov O.P., Grichanov I.Y., Bakary K. New species of the genus

Rhaphium Loew (Diptera, Dolichopodidae) from Zaire. - Entomol. Obozr.,

1982, 61, 1, p. 190-194 (in Russian).

Parent O. Dipteres Dolichopodides de la region ethiopienne. -

Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 1939, 32, p. 256-182.

Vanschuytbroeck P. Dolichopodidae. - Explor. Park Nat. Albert,

Miss. de Witte, 1951, 74, p. 1-153.

Remark under figures

Figs 1-13. Gonopodes (=surstyli). 1, Rh. zairensis Negr. e.a.; 2,

Rh. zakonnikovae sp.n.; 3, Rh. bulyginskayae sp.n.; 4, Rh. shamshevi

sp.n.; 5, Rh. grootaerti Negr. e.a.; 6, Rh. vanschuytbroecki Negr.

e.a.; 7, Rh. pitkini sp.n.; 8, Rh. ovsyannikovae sp.n.; 9, Rh. doroni-

nae sp.n.; 10, Rh. reaveyi sp.n.; 11, Rh. picketi sp.n.; 12, Rh. buk-

zeevae sp.n.; 13, Rh. mcveighi sp.n. 1-4, 7-9, 12, lateral view; 5-6,

ventro-lateral view; 10-11,13, ventral view.