Five new species of the genus Chrysosoma Guerin-Meneville

(Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Tropical Africa

Igor Ya. GRICHANOV

Grichanov, I.Ya. Five new species of the genus Chrysosoma

Guerin-Meneville (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Tropical

Africa

C. kuznetzovi sp.n. and C. zaitzevi sp.n. from Zambia,

C. stubbsi sp.n. and C. tanasijtshuki sp.n. from Kenya and

Uganda, C. zinovjevi sp.n. from Nigeria are described. New

records, catalogue and a key to known species of Afrotropical

Chrysosoma (s.s.) are given.

I.Ya. Grichanov, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection,

Podbelskogo 3, St.Petersburg-Pushkin, 189620, Russia.

Key words: Diptera, Dolichopodidae, Chrysosoma,

Tropical Africa.

Introduction

The old genus Chrysosoma was greatly restricted by Bickel (1994),

who made a generic revision of the world fauna of the subfamily

Sciapodinae. After the redefinition, Chrysosoma is confined mainly to

the Old World tropics. Prior to Bickel's revision more than 100

species of Afrotropical Sciapodinae were referred to Chrysosoma (Dyte

& Smith, 1980). He removed 4 species to Ethiosciapius Bickel, 11

species to Amblypsilopus Bigot and 16 species to Plagiozopelma

Enderlein. Megistostylus Bigot and Kalocheta Becker were placed in

synonymy with Chrysosoma. Grichanov (in litt.) transferred 10 species

to the new genus, 4 species to Amblypsilopus and 1 species to

Plagiozopelma. Grichanov (1995) reestablished Kalocheta as the

subgenus of Chrysosoma.

While processing unidentified material from the collection of the

Natural History Museum, London (NHML), eighteen species of the genus

Chrysosoma were found. In this paper descriptions of five new species

from Tropical Africa and new records for known African species are

given. Oriental C. lacteimicans is excluded from Afrotropical fauna;

C. saphirum (Bigot) and C. mixtum Curran are synonymized with C.

senegalense (Macquart). A few names are still awaiting synonymization,

removing or declaring Nomina Dubia in future revision of type

specimens.

Now seventy one Afrotropical species are known from all parts of

Africa south of Sahara. There are only doubtful records for two

continental species from Madagascar. The genus is poorly represented

in South Africa. It is very interest, that species of Chrysosoma are

practically absent on Atlantic Ocean (St. Helena) and West Indian

Ocean (Seychelles et al.) islands. Only C. leucopogon is widespread

from East African coast throughout the Indian and western Pacific

Ocean. About 120 mostly endemic species are registered in Oriental and

Australasian Regions and on Taiwan (Bickel, 1994).

Holotypes and paratypes of the new species are conserved in the

Natural History Museum (London).

List of Afrotropical species of Chrysosoma

(for references see Dyte & Smith, 1980; Bickel, 1994)

I. Subgenus Chrysosoma Guerin-Meneville

aequatoriale Parent, 1933:2 - Zaire, Uganda

aequilobatum Parent, 1933:15 - Zaire, Congo

aestimabile Parent, 1934:18 - Nigeria, Gambia, ?Madagascar

albilimbatum Bigot, 1890:287 (Psilopus) - Ivory Coast, Congo, Gabon,

Ghana, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Zaire

albocrinitatum Curran, 1925:109 - Zaire, Congo

alboguttatum Parent, 1930:93 - Cameroun

angolense Parent, 1934:113 - Angola, Zaire

asperum Parent, 1934:114 - South Africa

bacchi Dyte, 1957:37 - Tanzania

benignum Parent, 1934:115 - Nigeria

biciliatum Parent, 1931:45 - Nigeria, Ghana

bredoi Parent, 1933:21 - Zaire

carum Walker, 1849:643 (Psilopus) - Sierra Leone, Nigeria, Congo,

Zaire, Tanzania, Mozambique, South Africa

= flexum Loew, 1858:371 (Psilopus)

centrale Becker, 1923:25 - Cameroun

cilifemoratum Parent, 1934:115 - Malawi, Zaire

consentium Curran, 1925:111 - Zaire, Congo

continuum Curran, 1927:255 - Zaire, Congo

corruptor Parent, 1933:24 - Zaire

crinipes Parent, 1933:25 - Zaire, Cameroun (!)

fortunatum Parent, 1933:1 - Zaire, Angola (!), Zambia (!)

garambaensis Vanschuytbroeck, 1959:37 - Zaire

gemmeum Walker, 1849:644 (Psilopus) - Nigeria, Sierra Leone

gracile Vanschuytbroeck, 1959:29 - Zaire

gromieri Parent, 1930:92 - Cameroun

hargreavesi Curran, 1927:9 - Sierra Leone

hirsutulum Parent, 1933:27 -Zaire

ituriense Parent, 1933:29 - Zaire, Malawi

katangense Curran, 1925:107 - Zaire, Sudan

kuznetzovi sp.n. - Zambia

laeve Bigot, 1891:373 (Psilopodius) - ?Guinea, Ivory Coast

lavinia Curran, 1927:260 - Zaire, Tanzania

leucopogon Wiedemann, 1824:40 (Dolichopus) - Tanzania, Kenya (!),

Madagascar, Seychelles, Reunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez, Aldabra,

Maldives (!), Chagos Archipelago, Burma, Sri Lanka, Taiwan,

India, Indochina, Java, Sumatra, Thailand, Queensland, New

Caledonia, Tahiti

= apicalis Wiedemann, 1830:227 (Psilopus)

= conicornis Macquart, 1846:120 (Psilopus)

= loewi Enderlein, 1912:378

= snelli Curran, 1927:5

liberia Curran, 1929:4 - Liberia, Zaire

marginatum Becker, 1923:29 - Sierra Leone

mesotrichum Bezzi, 1908:380 (Psilopus) - Zaire, Sierra Leone, Uganda (!)

= senegalense Becker, 1923:20,33 nec Macquart (misidentification)

= senegalense Curran, 1925:107 nec Macquart (misidentification)

micantifrons Speiser, 1910:108 (Agonosoma) - Tanzania

minusculum Becker, 1923:29 - Cameroun, Equatorial Guinea, ?Zaire,

?Sierra Leone, ?Madagascar

norma Curran, 1927:257 - Zaire

ostentatum Becker, 1923:30 - Cameroun

pallidicorne Curran, 1927:252 - Kenya, Zaire

= puma Dyte & Smith, 1980:445 (unnecessary)

pauperculum Parent, 1933:30 - Zaire

petersi Dyte, 1957:37 - Tanzania

pomeroyi Curran, 1927:7 - Nigeria, Cameroun (!)

praecipuum Parent, 1936:319 - Zaire

praelatum Becker, 1923:31 - Equatorial Guinea, Tanzania, Zaire, Malawi

repertum Becker, 1923:31 - Equatorial Guinea, Nigeria

schoutedeni Curran, 1927:258 - Congo, Zaire, Tanzania

senegalense Macquart, 1834:450 (Psilopus) - Congo, Zaire, Gabon,

Senegal, Sierra Leone, Nigeria (!)

= smaragdinum Walker, 1849:642 (Psilopus)

= saphirum Bigot, 1858:362 (Psilopus)

= mixtum Curran, 1927:3, syn.n.

singulare Parent, 1933:3 - Zaire

speciosum Parent, 1933:32 - Zaire

stubbsi sp.n. - Kenya, Uganda

tarsiciliatum Parent, 1930:91 - Cameroun, Sierra Leone, Zaire, Gabon

tanasijtshuki sp.n. - Kenya

tenuipenne Curran, 1927:254 - Senegal, Nigeria, Congo, Zaire, Uganda (!)

tractatum Becker, 1923:35 - Togo

tricrinitum Parent, 1933:33 - Zaire, Burundi, Mozambique, Malawi (!)

= flexum Curran, 1926:384 nec Loew (misidentification)

trigemmans Walker, 1849:650 (Psilopus) - no locality

triumphator Parent, 1933:33 - Zaire

ungulatum Parent, 1941:207 - Principe

vagator Becker, 1923:36 - Togo, Zaire

varivittatum Curran, 1925:112 - Zaire

vividum Becker, 1923:36 - Equatorial Guinea

woodi Parent, 1935:82 - Zambia

zaitzevi sp.n. - Zambia

zephyrum Bigot, 1858:361 (Psilopus) - Gabon

zinovjevi sp.n. - Nigeria

II. Subgenus Kalocheta Becker

collarti Parent, 1933:35 (Kalocheta) - Zaire, Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda

cucana Negrobov et Kulibali, 1983:1121 (Kalochaeta) - Zaire, Uganda

neoliberia Bickel, 1994:212 - Liberia

= liberia Curran, 1929:5 (Kalocheta) nec Curran, 1929:4

(preoccupied)

passiva Becker, 1923:42 (Kalocheta) - Cameroun, ?Congo, ?Zaire

villiersi Vanschuytbroeck, 1970:267 (Kalocheta) - Congo
 
 
 
 

Descriptions and new records

Chrysosoma crinipes Parent (Fig. 1)

Material examined. Male, Cameroon Republic: West Cameroons, Bolo,

30.I.1970, R.H.L. Disney.

Diagnosis. C. crinipes is related with a group of species having

a row of cilia on middle basitarsomere, those cilia 3 or 4 times as

long as tarsomere diameter. Frons with a few black hairs; ratio of

first to second tarsomere of fore tarsus, 3:1. Cercus with fine dorsal

hairs, with somewhat stronger setae on apicoventral prominence;

apicolateral internal projection with a few short hairs. Surstylus

relatively narrow, with shallow excavation on apex and long apical

hairs. Specimen examined is identical with detailed description of C.

crinipes, though published descriptions of C. tarsiciliatum, C.

consentium and C. vividum do not permit sure recognition of all those

species.

Distribution. Zaire, Cameroun (!).
 
 

Chrysosoma gemmeum (Walker) (Fig. 2)

Material examined. Male, Sierra Leone: Manawa, 12.VIII.1912,

Jas.J. Simpson.

Diagnosis. C. gemmeum is associated with a group of species

having more than four long setae and a white preapical ring on middle

basitarsomere. Characters omitted in the description are as following.

Frons with one whitish vertical hair; fore basitarsomere with ventral

pile of short hairs; middle basitarsomere with white ring covered with

very short yellow pectination on dorsal side. Cercus dorsally setosed,

with thin pointed apophysis in basal half and leaf-like apical

projection. Surstylus with fine apical setae and distinct apico-dorsal

dens.

Distribution. Nigeria, Sierra Leone.
 
 

Chrysosoma tricrinitum Parent

Material examined. Male, Nyassaland: [?]Ruov, 25.X.1913,

S.A. Neave.

Diagnosis. C. tricrinitum is close to C. gemmeum except mostly

yellow femora, only 3 long setae on middle basitarsomere and 1 long

seta on the same tibia. Frons with one whitish vertical hair; fore

basitarsomere with ventral pile of very short hairs; middle

basitarsomere with white preapical ring covered with yellow setulae on

dorsal side; hind femora with long ventral and posterior hairs in

basal half.

Distribution. Zaire, Burundi, Mozambique, Malawi (!).
 
 

Chrysosoma zinovjevi sp.n. (Fig. 3)

Holotype. Male. W.Nigeria: Iloro, 13.X.1954, C.H. Andrewes. B.M.

1955-68.

Description. Frons broad, metallic blue-green, with a group of

black lateral hairs; strong postvertical and short postocular setae;

ventral postcranium covered with dense irregular white hairs. Face

metallic green, clypeus bulging, weakly grey pollinose, separated

from eyes; face narrowed, 1.3 times as high as wide under antennae.

Palpi and proboscis black-brown, with pale hairs and black bristles.

Antenna blackish-brown, 1.7 times as long as height of head. Pedicel

with short but strong bristles. First flagellomere subtriangular, as

long as high, with short hairs. Arista apical, bare and simple. Length

ratio of scape to pedicel to first flagellomere to arista -

8:6:11:175.

Mesonotum metallic blue-green with copper and violet reflection;

pleura bronze-green, grey pollinose. Two strong posterior and a few

hair-like anterior dorsocentral setae; 3 strong acrostichals.

Scutellum with two strong bristles.

Legs mostly black-brown. Fore femora in apical half and middle

femora in apical fourth, anterior four tibiae and basitarsomeres

dirty-yellow. Fore coxa from the front with numerous white hairs and 3

black preapical setae. Middle and hind coxae with black hairs and

setae. Fore and middle femora with pale ventral hairs, which as long

as femora diameter, hind femora with short ventral hairs in basal

half. Fore tibia with 1-2 antero-dorsal, 1 postero-dorsal bristles.

Fore basitarsomere with ventral pale pile of very short hairs. Length

ratio of fore coxa to femora to tibia to tarsus (segments from first

to fifth) - 3.7 : 5.8 : 6.8 : 5.0 : 1.2 : 0.7 : 0.5 : 0.5. Middle

tibia with 2-3 postero-dorsal, 4 antero-dorsal, 1-2 ventral and 3-4

apical bristles. Middle basitarsomere with 1 very long dorsal

preapical seta, other tarsomeres simple. Length ratio of middle coxa

to femora to tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 3.0 :

8.0 : 11.3 : 8.5 : 2.2 : 1.4 : 0.5 : 0.5. Hind tibia with 3-4 anterior

and numerous dorsal and ventral setae. Hind basitarsomere with 1

basoventral seta. Length ratio of hind coxa to femora to tibia to

tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 2.5 : 9.4 : 13.7 : 6.8 : 2.3 :

1.5 : 0.7 : 0.7.

Wing mostly brownish, with hyaline median transverse stripe,

longitudinal stripe between R4+5 and M1+2 and broad space along

posterior edge; veins brown. M1 almost straight. M1+2 and M1 form

obtuse internal angle. Ratio of parts of costa between R2+3 and R4+5

to those between R4+5 and M1 - 22 : 10. M2 present as short stub vein

and faint fold on membrane. Crossvein m-cu strongly sinuate. Ratio of

crossvein m-cu, measured along sinuation, to apical part of M1+2

(fork-handle) - 93 : 48. Anal vein faint, anal lobe and alula present.

Anal angle sharp. Lower calipter brown, with black cilia. Halteres

black-brown, halter stem thin, twice as long as knob, with a row of

black setulae.

Abdomen bronze-green, with black bands along sutures, with black

hairs and bristles. First tergum with pale lateral hairs; sternum with

pale and dark hairs. 1st-6th segments together 1.7 times as long as

mesonotum. Hypopygium small, black. Cercus black, broad and broadened

apicad, with thin short-setosed apico-ventral and apico-dorsal digits;

dorsal and distal borders of cercus with strong brownish setae.

Surstylus shallow excavated on apex, with short apical setulae and a

few strong preapical setae.

Female. Unknown.

Length: body 6.9 mm; antenna 3.0 mm; wing-length 6.8 mm;

wing-width 2.1 mm.

Distribution: Nigeria.

Etymology. The species is named for Russian dipterologist Dr.

A.G. Zinovjev.

Diagnosis. C. zinovjevi is associated with a group of species

having a few very long dorsal setae on middle basitarsomere. Male of

the new species differs by broad, shallow excavated on apex, densely

haired cercus and other characters such as following: antenna brown;

m-cu strongly sinuate; all femora mostly black; middle tibia without

long setae; middle basitarsomere with 1 long seta.
 
 

Chrysosoma biciliatum Parent

Material examined. Male, Nigeria: Jan.1959, C.H. Andrewes. B.M.

1959-200 / Ajouve, Lagos, 30.I.1959.

Diagnosis. C. biciliatum is associated with a group of species

having a few very long dorsal setae on middle basitarsomere

differing by lacking of long setae on middle tibia, only 2 long setae

on middle basitarsomere, femora blackish-brown in basal half and

simple cercus. Frons with a group of black lateral hairs; wing

hyaline; fore basitarsomere with ventral pile. C. tractatum is

possible synonym with the species (see remark under C. zaitzevi).

Distribution: Nigeria, Ghana.
 
 

Chrysosoma senegalense (Macquart)

Material examined. 3 males and 2 females, Nigeria: Ilorin,

17.V.1912, J.W. Scott-Macfie. Male, N.Nigeria: Ilorin, 21.IV.1912, Dr.

J.W. Scott-Macfie. Male, N.Nigeria: Zaria, Samaru, 28.VIII.1968 / J.C.

Deeming, m.v. trap. Male, [Nigeria:] Kwali nr. Jos, 29.VII.1972.

Diagnosis. Males of C. senegalense can be well recognized by

deeply bifurcated cercus with thin equal lobes. Vein m-cu strongly

sinuate; middle tibia with 5 to 8 long setae; middle basitarsomere

yellow, with 5 to 7 long setae. Females (contrary to males) with

entirely yellow femora; m-cu, measured along sinuation, approximately

as long as fork-handle M1+2.

Remark. Becker (1923) synonymized C. saphirum with C.

senegalense. Dyte & Smith (1980) mentioned C. saphirum in their

Catalogue as true species. I didn't find reasons for reviving the

species. Curran (1927) described lower calipter with black cilia in C.

senegalense and those with white cilia in C. mixtum, while Parent's

description (1933) of C. senegalense included indication on partly

pale and partly black cilia. There was no other significant difference

between the two descriptions. Bickel (1994) compared directly the male

holotype of C. mixtum with identified specimens of C. senegalense at

the NHML and didn't find difference. Thus I consider both names as

synonyms.

Distribution: Congo, Zaire, Gabon, Senegal, Sierra Leone,

Nigeria (!)
 
 

Chrysosoma albilimbatum (Bigot)

Material examined. 2 males, N.Nigeria: Nr. Abuja, Idu Forest

Reserve, 22.XI.1970, J.C. Deeming, kurmi. Male, N.Nigeria: Nr. Mokwa,

Zugurma, 26.XII.1971, J.C. Deeming, kurmi. Male, N.Nigeria: [?]Idanu,

9.XII.1956 / Pres. by G.H. Andrewes. B.M. 1957-77.

Diagnosis. C. albilimbatum is associated with a group of species

having yellow antenna and numerous long setae on middle tibia and

basitarsomere. Frons with a group of black lateral hairs; fore tarsus

with ventral pile of very short hairs; femora entirely yellow; cercus

strongly curved, gradually thinned towards apex, without apophysis;

wings mostly blackish.

Distribution: Congo, Zaire, Gabon, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast,

Ghana, Nigeria.
 
 

Chrysosoma tanasijtshuki sp.n. (Fig. 4)

Holotype. Male. [Kenya:] Van Someren, Ngong K.C., April 1936.

Description. Frons broad, metallic blue-green, with a group of

black lateral hairs; fine postvertical and postocular setae; ventral

postcranium covered with dense irregular white hairs. Face

violet-green, clypeus bulging, grey pollinose, separated from eyes;

face narrowed, 1.5 times as high as wide under antennae. Palpi and

proboscis black-brown, with brownish hairs and (?) bristles. Antenna

black, 1.6 times as long as height of head. Pedicel with short but

strong bristles. First flagellomere subtriangular, as long as high,

with short hairs. Arista apico-dorsal, bare and simple. Length ratio

of scape to pedicel to first flagellomere to arista - 11:7:13:190.

Thorax blackish with metallic blue-green reflection; pleura grey

pollinose. Two strong posterior dorsocentral bristles; 3 strong

acrostichals. Scutellum with two strong bristles (broken).

Legs mostly black. Fore and middle femora at apex and anterior

four tibiae dark-brown. Fore coxa from the front with numerous

dirty-white hairs and 3 black apical setae. Middle and hind coxae with

dirty-yellow hairs, hind coxa with black external bristle. Fore and

middle femora with pale brownish ventral hairs along entire length,

which as long as femora diameter, hind femora with shorter ventral

hairs in basal half. Fore tibia with 5 or 6 dorsal bristles. Fore

tarsus simple. Length ratio of fore coxa to femora to tibia to tarsus

(segments from first to fifth) - 4.2 : 7.0 : 9.2 : 6.2 : 1.5 : 0.9 :

0.6 : 0.5. Middle tibia with 8 long postero-dorsal setae decreasing

basad, 3 antero-dorsal, 3 ventral and 2 or 3 apical bristles. Middle

basitarsomere with 6 long dorsal setae, 3d to 5th tarsomeres with

short brownish dorsal hairs. Length ratio of middle coxa to femora to

tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 4.0 : 10.0 : 15.3 :

10.8 : 2.6 : 1.4 : 0.9 : 0.7. Hind tibia with 6-7 setae on each of

postero-dorsal, antero-dorsal and ventral sides. Length ratio of hind

coxa to femora to tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 2.7

: 12.0 : 18.0 : 8.6 : 3.0 : 2.0 : 1.1 : 0.9.

Wing mostly brown and brownish, with hyaline median transverse

stripe, longitudinal stripe between R4+5 and M1+2 and broad space

along posterior edge; veins black. R4+5 and M1 almost straight. M1+2

and M1 form obtuse internal angle. Ratio of parts of costa between

R2+3 and R4+5 to those between R4+5 and M1 - 28 : 15. M2 present as

short stub vein and faint fold on membrane. Crossvein m-cu strongly

sinuate. Ratio of crossvein m-cu, measured along sinuation, to apical

part of M1+2 (fork-handle) - 11 : 6. Anal vein faint, anal lobe and

alula present. Anal angle sharp. Lower calipter brown-black, with

black cilia. Halteres black, haltere stem thin, twice as long as knob,

with a row of black setulae.

Abdomen bronze-black, with black hairs and bristles. First tergum

with white lateral hairs; sternum with white hairs only. 1st-6th

segments together 1.5 times as long as mesonotum. Hypopygium small,

black. Cercus black, broad and broadened apicad, shallow excavated on

apex, with numerous dark hairs on either side except baso-ventral half

of cercus. Surstylus curved and relatively short, with apico-dorsal

dens and dorso-lateral row of strong setae, the first and the last of

which are the longest.

Female. Unknown.

Length: body 8.2 mm; antenna 3.1 mm; wing-length 8.9 mm;

wing-width 2.7 mm.

Distribution: Kenya.

Etymology. The species is named for Russian dipterologist Dr.

V.N. Tanasijtshuk.

Diagnosis. C. tanasijtshuki is associated with large group of

species having numerous and very long dorsal setae on middle tibia and

basitarsomere. Male of the new species differs by unusually broad and

broadened apicad, shallow excavated on apex, densely haired cercus and

other characters such as following: antenna black; m-cu strongly

sinuate; all femora black except apex; middle tibia with 8 long setae;

middle basitarsomere with 6 setae.

Chrysosoma mesotrichum (Bezzi) (Fig. 5)

Material examined: 2 males and 1 female, Uganda: Tororo dist.,

Sukulu, 11.VIII & 28.XI.1963, E. Burtt. B.M. 1964-40. 1 male and 1

female, Uganda: West Nile Dist., Paidha, 20-21.X.1964, R.W. Crosskey.

Male, Uganda: Arua, 1919, Dr. R.E. McConnell / Pres. by Imp. Bur. Ent.

/ 1919-314. 3 males, Uganda: Entebbe, 3.IX & 7-9.V.1912, C.C. Gowdey.

Diagnosis. C. mesotrichum is associated with a group of species

having black antenna and numerous long setae on middle tibia and

basitarsomere. It differs from other species by strongly sinuouse vein

m-cu, which 1.5 - 2 times as long as fork-handle M1+2; also by simple

cercus with rounded apex and pointed dorsal apophysis, and additional

row of short dorsal hairs on first and second joints of middle tarsus,

which hardly longer than tarsomere diameter. Cercus with a row of

dorsal setae in basal half, with 1 strong and a few fine dorsal setae

in apical half, with 2 strong setae and short hairs on apex, which

evenly cut and slightly broadened; dorsal dens with 3 or 4 preapical

setae. Males with a group of lateral hairs on frons and mostly black

femora, while females have strong vertical seta and yellow femora.

Distribution. Zaire, Sierra Leone, Uganda (!)
 
 

Chrysosoma fortunatum Parent (Fig. 6)

Material examined. Male, Angola (A 27): Duque de Braganca Falls,

11-12.III.1972 / Southern African Exp. B.M. 1972-1. Male, Angola:

Benguella, F.C. Wellman. B.M. 1906-139. 2 males and 1 female, N.

Rhodesia: Lake Bangweulu, Chiluwi Island, 26.XI.1946. 1 male and 2

females, N. Rhodesia: Lake Bangweulu dist., IX-XII.1946.

Diagnosis. C. fortunatum is closely related to C. mesotrichum,

differing by additional row of dorsal hairs on first and second joints

of middle tarsus, which quarter as long as setae on basitarsomere.

Cercus with a row of strong setae in basal third, semilunulate in

apical third, having here a group of strong dorsal and internal setae

and two apico-ventral setae; thin dorsal dens with 1 strong apical and

1 fine preapical setae. Sexual variability as in C. mesotrichum;

females of both species have no difference. Most characters,

previously mentioned as diagnostic for C. schoutedeni and C.

fortunatum, are very variable in examined specimens, and the two

species are possible synonyms.

Distribution. Zaire, Angola (!), Zambia (!)
 
 

Chrysosoma stubbsi sp.n. (Fig. 7)

Holotype. Male. Kenya: 20.XII.1970, A.E. Stubbs, B.M. 1972-211 /

Kakamega Forest, 5200 feet. Paratype. Male, Uganda: Budongo Forest,

7-8.II.1935, F.W. Edwards. B.M. 1935-203.

Description. Frons broad, shining metallic green-violet, slightly

pollinose. A fine whitish front vertical hair on frons; long black

postvertical seta is positioned as a linear continuation of the row of

short postocular setae . Ventral postcranium covered with dense

irregular white hairs. Face blue, epistome slightly pollinose, clypeus

densely white pollinose, separated from eyes; face narrowed, 1.3 times

as high as wide under antennae. Palpi and proboscis orange, palpus

with light hairs and 2 black bristles. Antenna black-brown, twice as

long as height of head. Pedicel with short but strong bristles. First

flagellomere subtriangular, with thinned apex, 1.5 times as long as

high, with short hairs. Arista apical, bare and simple. Length ratio

of scape to pedicel to first flagellomere to arista - 5:5:9:135.

Mesonotum and scutellum metallic blue-green. Pleura bronze-green,

silvery-white pollinose. 2 strong posterior and 3 hair-like anterior

dorsocentral setae; 3 long acrostichals. Scutellum with two strong

bristles.

Legs light-yellow. Middle and hind coxae bronze-black, the same

trochanters and apical segments of tarsi brown. Fore coxa from the

front with numerous white hairs and two yellow preapical setae. Middle

and hind coxae with a few white hairs. Fore femora with a few short

white ventral hairs in basal fifth, other femora bare. Fore tibia and

basitarsomere with a row of somewhat elongated postero-ventral

setulae. Fore basitarsomere ventrally with dense pale pile of very

short hairs. Length ratio of fore coxa to femora to tibia to tarsus

(segments from first to fifth) - 3.3 : 6.0 : 6.9 : 4.5 : 1.7 : 0.9 :

0.5 : 0.5. Middle tibia with 2 anterior, 1 dorsal and 2 or 3 apical

short bristles, tarsus simple. Length ratio of middle coxa to femora

to tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 2.3 : 6.3 : 9.7 :

7.2 : 1.9 : 1.4 : 0.7 : 0.6. Hind tibia with dorsal and ventral weak

setae. Length ratio of hind coxa to femora to tibia to tarsus

(segments from first to fifth) - 1.6 : 7.7 : 11.8 : 5.4 : 2.3 : 1.2 :

0.8 : 0.6.

Wings hyaline, veins brown. R4+5 gently curved to M1 in apical

fifth. M1+2 and M1 form the right angle. M1 with gentle curvation to

apex. Ratio of parts of costa between R2+3 and R4+5 to those between

R4+5 and M1 - 24 : 6. M2 present as faint fold on membrane. Crossvein

m-cu slightly sinuate. Ratio of crossvein m-cu to apical part of M1+2

(fork-handle) to apical part of CuA - 50 : 53 : 20. Anal vein faint,

anal lobe and alula present. Anal angle sharp. Lower calipter yellow,

with brown edging and white hairs. Halteres whitish-yellow, haltere

stem thin, twice as long as knob, with a row of short setulae at apex.

Abdomen shining green-violet, with silvery reflection somewhere,

with black hairs and bristles. Apical border of segments narrowly

black (paratype without black bands); first tergum with narrow

membranous excavation and short white lateral hairs; sternum with

white hairs only. 1st-6th segments together nearly thrice as long as

mesonotum. Hypopygium small, black-brown. Cercus brown, subtriangular,

widest and slightly convex on apex, with short pale dorsal hairs and a

fan of strong setae on apico-ventral angle. Surstylus digitiform, with

shallow incision and short setae on apex.

Female. Unknown.

Length: body 6.1 mm; antenna 1.9 mm; wing-length 6.1 mm;

wing-width 1.5 mm.

Distribution: West Kenya, Uganda.

Etymology. The species is named for the collector, A.E. Stubbs.

Diagnosis. C. stubbsi is an allied species for C. ungulatum,

differing by shape of cercus and other characters as following: all

femora, tibiae and basitarsomeres light-yellow, middle tibia with 2

anterior and 1 dorsal setae in middle part; 3d to 5th tarsomeres of

fore tarsus without long hairs, fore basitarsomere with ventral pile.

Chrysosoma tenuipenne Curran

Material examined. Male, N.Nigeria: Ilorin, 1912, Dr. J.W.

Scott-Macfie. Male, Uganda: Arua, 1919, Dr. R.E. McConnell / Pres. by

Imp. Bur. Ent. / 1919-314.

Diagnosis. C. tenuipenne is associated with a group of species

having black coxae and simple middle leg. Frons with one vertical and

one postvertical whitish hairs; antenna black; wing hyaline, but with

a brown round spot at apex; M2 as faint fold; lower calipter with

white cilia; cercus bifurcated, with densely setosed branches, ventral

branch with bladelike setae.

Distribution. Senegal, Nigeria, Congo, Zaire, Uganda (!)
 
 

Chrysosoma leucopogon (Wiedemann)

Material examined. 1 male and 1 female, Kenya: Diani Beach,

VII-VIII.1951, N.L. H.Krauss. B.M. 1951-541; 1 male, Tanganyika T.:

Morogoro, 29.I.1917, A. Loveridge / Pres. by Imp. Inst. Ent. Brit.

Mus. 1932-301. 3 males and 13 females, Chagos Archipelago: Diego

Garcia: East Point, Eclipse Point, Pointe Marianne, Simpson's Point,

25.III-14.VI.1971 / A.M. Hutson, B.M. 1971-346 [some specimens with

additional labels: freshwater pool; broad leafed woodland by inland

marsh; dried inland marsh]; 3 females, Chagos Archipelago: Egmont

Atoll, Ile Sudest, 4.XI-XII.1972 / M.J.D. Hirons, Joint Services

Expedition. B.M. 1974-481. 1 male and 2 females, Maldive Is.: Addu

Atoll, 13.X.1958 / W.W. Phillips. B.M. 1958-654.

Diagnosis. C. leucopogon is the only Afrotropical species having

black callus at basal 1/5 of male hind tibia. Frons with a group of

whitish hairs; coxae black; femora mostly black; male middle leg

without long setae; middle basitarsomere mostly yellow but white in

distal 1/5, with a row of curved antero-ventral setae, second tarsomere

black with crocheted setae, fourth and fifth tarsomeres with flattened

white hairs forming distinct dorsal crest. Wing hyaline; m-cu slightly

sinuate; lower calipter with pale cilia. Females can be easily

recognized by 3 strong dorsal and 1 strong ventral setae on fore

tibia, 2 strong and long postero-dorsal and 2-3 strong ventral setae

on middle tibia.

Distribution. Tanzania, Kenya (!), Madagascar, Seychelles,

Reunion, Mauritius, Rodriguez, Aldabra, Maldives (!), Chagos

Archipelago, Burma, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, India, Indochina, Java,

Sumatra, Thailand, Queensland, New Caledonia, Tahiti
 
 

Chrysosoma kuznetzovi sp.n. (Fig. 8)

Holotype. Male. N. Rhodesia: Lake Bangweulu, Nr. Monfuli,

2.X.1946.

Description. Frons broad, shining metallic green-violet, slightly

pollinose. A fine whitish front vertical hair on frons; long black

postvertical seta is positioned as a linear continuation of the row of

short postocular setae. Ventral postcranium covered with dense

irregular white hairs. Face green-violet, epistome bulging, slightly

pollinose, clypeus white pollinose, separated from eyes; face

narrowed, 1.3 times as high as wide under antennae. Palpi and

proboscis orange, palpus with light hairs and 2 black bristles.

Antenna black. Pedicel with short but strong bristles. First

flagellomere subtriangular, as long as high, with short hairs. Arista

apical (broken). Length ratio of scape to pedicel to first

flagellomere - 6:5:8.

Thorax metallic green-violet. Pleura grey pollinose. 2 strong

posterior and 3 hair-like anterior dorsocentral setae; 3 long

acrostichals. Scutellum with two strong bristles.

Legs mostly yellow. Middle and hind coxae and trochanters and

basal 2/3 of fore coxa bronze-black, apical segments of tarsi brown.

Fore coxa from the front with numerous white hairs and two yellow

preapical setae. Middle and hind coxae with a few white hairs. Fore

and middle femora with a row of long white ventral hairs in basal 2/3,

those hairs twice as long as femora diameter, hind femora with short

ventral hairs. First and second tarsomeres of fore tarsus ventrally

with dense pale pile of short hairs. Length ratio of fore coxa to

femora to tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 3.0 : 5.3 :

5.4 : 4.5 : 1.5 : 0.9 : 0.7 : 0.6. Middle tibia with a row of short

erected postero-dorsal setulae, tarsus simple but fifth tarsomere with

a few short white hairs. Length ratio of middle coxa to femora to

tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 1.9 : 6.0 : 8.4 : 7.1

: 2.2 : 1.4 : 0.6 : 0.5. Hind tibia with 2-3 weak dorsal setae,

basitarsomere with short basoventral seta. Length ratio of hind coxa

to femora to tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 1.4 :

7.2 : 10.5 : 5.4 : 2.4 : 1.5 : 0.7 : 0.6.

Wings hyaline, veins brown. R4+5 gently curved to M1 at apex.

M1+2 and M1 form the right angle. M1 with gentle curvation to apex.

Ratio of parts of costa between R2+3 and R4+5 to those between R4+5

and M1 - 27 : 5. M2 present as short stub vein and faint fold on

membrane. Crossvein m-cu moderately sinuate. Ratio of crossvein m-cu,

measured along sinuation, to apical part of M1+2 (fork-handle) to

apical part of CuA - 60 : 49 : 30. Anal vein faint, anal lobe and

alula present. Anal angle sharp. Lower calipter yellow, with brown

edging and white hairs. Halteres yellow-brown, haltere stem thin,

twice as long as knob, with a row of short setulae in apical half.

Abdomen shining green-violet, with black hairs and bristles.

Apical border of segments narrowly black; first tergum with narrow

membranous excavation and white lateral hairs; sternum with white

hairs only. 1st-6th segments together nearly twice as long as

mesonotum. Hypopygium black-brown. Cercus orange-brown, dorsally

haired and deeply bifurcated with longer ventral thin arm, which has

two strong preapical setae and two groups of short setulae. Surstylus

with fine apical hairs and with apico-dorsal dens having long strong

seta. Hypandrial hood and arm unusually broad at apex.

Female. Unknown.

Length: body 5.2 mm; postabdomen 1.0 mm; wing-length 5.4 mm;

wing-width 1.6 mm.

Distribution. Zambia.

Etymology. The species is named for Russian dipterologist Dr.

S.Yu. Kuznetzov.

Diagnosis. Keeping in mind variability of some characters within

Chrysosoma, the new species could be keyed as C. singulare, C.

corruptor or C. cilifemoratum, differing from all those species by

shape of cercus and other characters as following: legs mostly yellow;

anterior fore femora with long ventral hairs, first and second

tarsomeres of fore tarsus with ventral pile; middle tibia with short

erect postero-dorsal setulae; middle tarsus simple.
 
 

Chrysosoma pomeroyi Curran

Material examined. Male, Cameroon Republic: West Cameroons, Bolo,

9.II.1970, R.H.L. Disney. Male, Nigeria: N.W. State, Kontagora River,

3 mls from Niger, 13.VIII.1970, P.H. Ward. B.M. 1970-604.

Diagnosis. C. pomeroyi is associated with a group of species

having black coxae and simple middle tibia and basitarsomere. Frons

with one whitish vertical hair; antenna yellow-brownish; wings

variously maculated, usually with brownish bands along costa and other

veins; m-cu, measured along sinuation, twice as long as fork-handle of

M1+2; lower calipter with white cilia; second to fifth tarsomeres of

middle tarsus with squamous dorsal comb of white hairs; cercus densely

haired, having short dorsal dens in the middle, broadened and rounded

on apex, with one dorsal thickened seta at apical 1/3, one

apico-ventral thickened seta and a few apical blade-like setae.

Distribution. Nigeria, Cameroun.
 
 

Chrysosoma zaitzevi sp.n. (Fig. 9)

Holotype. Male. N. Rhodesia: Lake Bangweulu, Mbawala Island,

X-XI.1946. Paratypes. 3 males, the same label.

Description. Frons broad, metallic green-violet, slightly

pollinose. Two fine whitish front vertical hairs on frons; strong

black postvertical seta is positioned as a linear continuation of the

row of short postocular setae. Ventral postcranium covered with dense

irregular white hairs. Face blue-green, epistome convex, slightly

pollinose, clypeus bulging, densely white pollinose, separated from

eyes; face narrowed, 1.2 times as high as wide under antennae. Palpi

and proboscis orange, palpus with light hairs and 2 black bristles.

Antenna black, 1.3 times as long as height of head. Pedicel with short

but strong bristles. First flagellomere subtriangular, as long as

high, with short hairs. Arista apical, bare and simple. Length ratio

of scape to pedicel to first flagellomere to arista - 7:5:10:135.

Mesonotum and scutellum metallic blue-green. Pleura bronze-green,

white pollinose. 2 strong posterior and 3 hair-like anterior

dorsocentral setae; 3 long acrostichals. Scutellum with two strong

bristles.

Legs mostly yellow. Coxae and trochanters, fore femora in basal

1/3, middle femora in basal 1/5, hind femora, apex of hind tibia and

hind tarsus black, apical segments of other tarsi brownish. Fore coxa

from the front with numerous white hairs and two black preapical

bristles. Middle and hind coxae with pale hairs, hind coxa with fine

black external seta. All femora ventrally and hind femora

postero-dorsally with white hairs in basal half, longest on fore and

hind femora, where they 1.5 times as long as femora diameter. Fore

tibia with 2 weak dorsal and 1-2 apical setae. Fore tarsomeres

ventrally with dense pale pile of very short hairs. Length ratio of

fore coxa to femora to tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth)

- 3.5 : 6.3 : 7.0 : 4.8 : 1.5 : 0.9 : 0.7 : 0.6. Middle tibia with 4

anterior, 1-2 dorsal, 1 ventral and 4 or 5 apical short bristles.

Middle basitarsomere with 1-2 short and weak dorsal setae in middle

third; fourth and fifth tarsomeres with comb of white hairs. Length

ratio of middle coxa to femora to tibia to tarsus (segments from first

to fifth) - 2.4 : 7.5 : 11.5 : 7.7 : 2.5 : 1.6 : 0.8 : 0.7. Hind tibia

with anterior, dorsal and ventral weak setae. Hind basitarsomere with

weak basoventral seta. Length ratio of hind coxa to femora to tibia to

tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 1.8 : 9.0 : 13.5 : 6.0 : 2.7 :

1.7 : 0.8 : 0.7.

Wings mostly hyaline, with brownish bands and spots along costa

and other veins, veins brown-black. R4+5 nearly straight. M1+2 and M1

form obtuse angle. M1 slightly concave. Ratio of parts of costa

between R2+3 and R4+5 to those between R4+5 and M1 - 24 : 5. M2

present as short stub vein and faint fold on membrane. Crossvein m-cu

strongly sinuate. Ratio of crossvein m-cu, measured along sinuation,

to apical part of M1+2 (fork-handle) to apical part of CuA (upto the

wing border) - 80 : 45 : 30. Anal vein faint, anal lobe and alula

present. Anal angle sharp. Lower calipter orange, with black edging

and pale hairs. Halteres brown, haltere stem thin, thrice as long as

knob, with a row of short setulae at apex.

Abdomen shining green-violet, with silvery reflection somewhere,

with black hairs and bristles. Apical border of segments narrowly

black; first tergum with narrow membranous excavation and white

lateral hairs; sternum mainly with long white hairs. 1st-6th segments

together nearly twice as long as mesonotum. Hypopygium small, black.

Cercus black, rounded on apex, with pale dorsal and dark apical hairs,

with pointed dorsal apophysis; a row of setae extending to the tip of

thin dorsal apophysis; at apex cercus with two strong apicoventral

setae and with wide setosed apicoventral incision. Surstylus with

shallow excavation and short hairs on apex.

Female. Unknown.

Length: body 5.7 - 6.1 mm; antenna 2.4 mm; wing-length 5.8 - 6.5

mm; wing-width 1.7 - 1.9 mm.

Distribution: Zambia.

Etymology. The species is named for Russian dipterologist Dr.

V.F. Zaitzev.

Diagnosis. C. zaitzevi is keyed as C. tractatum and can be

distinguished by combination of characters such as following. Antenna

black; wing with brown bands and spots along veins; lower calipter

with pale cilia, all coxae and hind femora entirely black; all femora

with white hairs in basal half; fore tarsus with ventral pile; middle

leg without long setae or short erect setulae, fourth and fifth

tarsomeres of middle tarsus white haired; cercus not bifurcated, but

with pointed dorsal apophysis.

Remark. In his key to the species of Chrysosoma, Becker (1923)

mentioned for C. tractatum 2 ventral bristles on middle basitarsomere.

This position of bristles is unusual for the genus. In species

diagnosis Becker described 2 elongated hairs, one at base and another

at apex of the same tarsomere, without indication of their position.

If those hairs referred to dorsal side of the tarsomere, little

difference between C. tractatum and C. biciliatum could be found.
 
 

Key to Afrotropical species of Chrysosoma (s.s.)

(Some pairs of species cannot be distinguished using published

descriptions. Females usually cannot be identified without males of

the same series. ?C. laeve, known only from female, and species of

the subgenus Kalocheta are not included)

1. Male middle basitarsomere dorsally ornamented with long fine setae

or cilia, which at least thrice as long as tarsomere diameter....2

- Middle basitarsomere without long setae, sometimes with short

erect ciliation (some species are known only from females)......26

2. Middle basitarsomere with a row of cilia, which 3 or 4 times as

long as tarsomere diameter.......................................3

- Middle basitarsomere with setae much longer......................6

3. First flagellomere as long as head height.........................

.................................?C. garambaensis (?Plagiozopelma)

- First flagellomere approximately as long as high.................4

4. Second tarsomere of fore tarsus 2/3 to 3/4 as long as basitarsomere,

the last swollen and ventrally ciliated in apical half............

.................................................C. albocrinitatum

- Second tarsomere of fore tarsus 2/5 to 2/7 as long as

basitarsomere....................................................5

5. First and second tarsomeres of fore tarsus with ventral pile of

short fine cilia.....................C. crinipes; C. tarsiciliatum

- Fore tarsus not ciliated.................C. consentium; C. vividum

6. Middle basitarsomere with white preapical ring, which usually

covered with very short yellow pectination on dorsal side........7

- Middle basitarsomere dark or yellow, without white preapical ring

covered with yellow pectination..................................9

7. Middle basitarsomere with five long setae; middle tibia with five

to seven long setae; hind femora entirely or almost entirely black

........................................C. gemmeum; C. hargreavesi

- Middle basitarsomere with only three long setae; middle tibia with

one or two long setae............................................8

8. Middle tibia with one long seta; hind femora black in basal sixth,

with long ventral and posterior hairs...............C. tricrinitum

- Middle tibia with two long setae; hind femora black except apical

quarter and bare.........................................C. bacchi

9. Middle basitarsomere with no more than three long setae; middle

tibia usually without long setae................................10

- Middle basitarsomere with at least four long setae; middle tibia

usually with numerous long setae................................13

10. Middle basitarsomere with one long seta; cercus broad and

broadened apicad, with thin short-setosed apico-ventral and

apico-dorsal digits..................................C. zinovjevi

- Middle basitarsomere with two long setae; cercus either simple,

without apophysis, or shallow bifurcated, with dorsal lobe having

apical bundle of long hairs....................................11

- Middle basitarsomere with three long setae; cercus simple, with

short dorsal apophysis.........................................12

11. Cercus shallow bifurcated, with equal lobes; hind femora black...

..................................................C. aequilobatum

- Cercus simple, without apophysis; femora blackish in basal half..

....................................................C. biciliatum

12. Middle tibia without long setae; middle tibia and tarsus without

erect pectination.......................................C. bredoi

- Middle tibia with 3 long setae; middle tibia and tarsus with erect

pectination.........................................C. hirsutulum

13. Wing vein m-cu slightly sinuate.....................C. katangense

- Wing vein m-cu strongly sinuate................................14

14. Cercus deeply bifurcated, with thin equal lobes; middle tibia with

5 to 8 long setae; middle basitarsomere with 5 to 7 long setae;

second to fourth tarsomeres with 1 or 2 apico-dorsal setae; fifth

tarsomere white haired.............................C. senegalense

- Cercus usually not bifurcated, with or without short dorsal

apophysis......................................................15

15. Antenna yellow, sometimes partly reddish-brown.................16

- Antenna black, sometimes partly brown..........................20

16. Cercus strongly curved, gradually thinned towards apex, without

apophysis; wing blackish, with whitish median transverse band;

femora entirely reddish-yellow; second to fifth tarsomeres of

middle tarsus without remarkable hairs...........C. albilimbatum

- Cercus with one dorsal apophysis; hind femora at least partly

black-brown; apical tarsomeres of middle tarsus usually white

haired.........................................................17

17. Wing vein m-cu, measured along sinuation, thrice as long as

fork-handle....................................................18

- Wing vein m-cu, measured along sinuation, no more than twice as

long as fork-handle............................................19

18. Fore femora widely black at base; middle tibia with 7 or 8 long

setae; middle basitarsomere with 7 long setae; second to fifth

tarsomeres with a row of white hairs, without black hairs........

.....................................................C. continuum

- Fore femora narrowly black at base; middle tibia with 6 long

setae decreasing towards base; middle basitarsomere with 6 long

setae; second and third tarsomeres with black dorsal setation;

third to fifth tarsomeres with white hairs........C. varivittatum

19. Middle tibia with 10 long setae; middle basitarsomere with 7 long

setae; other tarsomeres simple; femora reddish, narrow base and

apex of hind femora brown..............................C. liberia

- Middle tibia with 6 long setae; middle basitarsomere with 5 long

setae; last tarsomeres with dorsal comb of white hairs; femora

red-brown with blackish dorsal stripe.................C. repertum

20. Cercus long and thin, truncated and widest at apex, with apophysis

in apical quarter; middle tibia with 5 to 7 long setae, decreasing

in length towards base; middle basitarsomere with 5 long setae;

second to fourth tarsomeres with one apical seta; fifth and

sometimes fourth tarsomeres white haired; femora reddish-yelow...

.......................................................C. lavinia

- Cercus broad and broadened apicad, shallow excavated on apex,

with numerous dark hairs on either side except baso-ventral half

of cercus; middle tibia with 8 long setae; middle basitarsomere

with 6 long setae; other tarsomeres with short black hairs,

brownish on fifth article; femora black..........C. tanasijtshuki

- Cercus usually thin and thinned towards apex, with apophysis in

basal half; other features various.............................21

21. Cercus very thin in apical half and pointed on apex............22

- Cercus rounded on apex.........................................23

22. Cercus with apophysis at base; middle tibia with 5 antero-dorsal

and 8 or 9 postero-dorsal long setae; middle basitarsomere with 8

long setae.........................................C. triumphator

- Cercus with apophysis in front of the middle; middle tibia with 7

antero-dorsal, 8 postero-dorsal and 1 apico-ventral long setae;

middle basitarsomere with 4 long setae...............C. angolense

23. Middle tibia with 4 long postero-dorsal setae; second to fifth

tarsomeres of middle tarsus without remarkable ciliation.........

.....................................................C. speciosum

- Middle tibia with 5 to 10 long posterodorsal setae, sometimes

decreasing in length towards base; second to fifth tarsomeres of

middle tarsus with elongated hairs.............................24

24. First and second tarsomeres of middle tarsus with additional row

of short dorsal hairs, which hardly longer than tarsomere

diameter; middle tibia with 5 to 8 long setae; middle

basitarsomere with 6 to 8 long setae...............C. mesotrichum

- First and second tarsomeres of middle tarsus with additional row

of short dorsal hairs, which more than twice as long as tarsomere

diameter; middle tibia with 7 to 10 long postero-dorsal setae;

middle basitarsomere with 6 to 10 long setae...................25

25. Part of cercus from dens upto the apex 7-8 times as long as cercus

width at apex......................................C. schoutedeni

25. Part of cercus from dens upto the apex thrice as long as cercus

width at apex.......................................C. fortunatum

26. At least fore coxa yellow......................................27

- All coxae black, sometimes fore coxa yellow at apex............46

27. All coxae yellow...............................................28

- Only fore coxa yellow..........................................31

28. Abdomen entirely metallic; fore and middle legs without erect

hairs..........................................................29

- Abdomen partly yellow; fore and middle tibiae and tarsi with erect

pubescence.....................................................30

29. All basitarsomeres yellow..........................C. aestimabile

- Tarsi entirely black (female)....................?C. micantifrons

30. Antenna yellow; frons brilliant; fore coxa with yellow apical

bristles; first to fourth abdomenal segments at least partly

yellow.............................................?C. trigemmans

- Antenna black; frons entirely pollinose; fore coxa with black apical

bristles; only first abdomenal segment yellow..........C. asperum

31. Antenna yellow-brownish........................................32

- Antenna black..................................................35

32. Wing brownish with round white spots in the middle and along

posterior edge......................................C. marginatum

- Wing hyaline or monochrome; fore basitarsomere flattened.......33

33. Wing vein m-cu sinuate; fore basitarsomere with curved basal seta

.......................................................C. vagator

- Vein m-cu straight.............................................34

34. Fore tibia with 3 long apico-ventral bristles; last tarsomeres of

fore tarsus simple................................C. pallidicorne

- Fore tibia without long bristles; last tarsomeres of fore and hind

tarsi slightly enlarged.............?C. centrale (?Amblypsilopus)

35. Wing distinctly maculated......................................36

- Wing hyaline, monochrome or evenly darkened along costa........37

36. Wing with three separated spots..........................C. carum

- Wing brown with two windows and hyaline posterior edge (female)..

..................................................C. alboguttatum

37. Wing vein m-cu straight (female)......................C. benignum

- Vein m-cu sinuate or distinctly convex.........................38

38. Middle tibia and tarsus with erect pubescence..................39

- Middle tibia and tarsus without erect pubescence...............40

39. Apical part of CuA1 nearly half as long as m-cu......C. singulare

- Apical part of CuA1 approximately as long as m-cu........C. woodi

40. Cercus short and pointed; 4 or 5 dorsocentral setae; size 3 mm...

.....................................................C. praelatum

- Cercus not pointed; 2 or 3 dorsocentrals; size about 5 mm......41

41. Cercus not bifurcated..........................................42

- Cercus bifurcated..............................................44

42. Cercus digitiform, with short dens in the middle...C. pauperculum

- Cercus subtriangular, widest at apex...........................43

43. Cercus with wide apical excavation; middle tibia with 1 basodorsal

seta.................................................C. ungulatum

- Cercus slightly convex on apex; middle tibia with 2 anterior

and 1 dorsal setae in the middle.......................C. stubbsi

44. First abdomenal segment densely snow-white pollinose; haltere

yellow-brown with black apex of knob................C. minusculum

- First abdomenal segment metallic; haltere monochrome...........45

45. Middle and hind coxae with pale ciliation............C. corruptor

- Middle and hind coxae with black ciliation.............C. gracile

46. Wing hyaline but with a brown round spot at apex....C. tenuipenne

- Wing with another type of maculation...........................47

47. Lower calipter with pale cilia.................................48

- Lower calipter with black cilia................................57

48. Male hind tibia with basal ring-shaped callus; fourth tarsomere of

middle tarsus white; female anterior four tibiae with a few long

dorsal and ventral setae............................C. leucopogon

- Legs without such characters...................................49

49. Femora yellow, sometimes yellow-brownish.......................50

- At least hind femora black.....................................55

50. Females........................................................51

- Males..........................................................52

51. Vein m-cu as long as fork-handle M1+2..............C. senegalense

- Vein m-cu, measured along sinuation, 1.5 - 2 times as long as

fork-handle M1+2...................C. schoutedeni; C. mesotrichum

52. Middle tarsus with simple setulae; middle tibia with short

postero-dorsal erect setulae; cercus deeply bifurcated...........

....................................................C. kuznetzovi

- Middle tarsus with erect pectination and/or white hairs........53

53. Antenna brownish; second to fifth tarsomeres of middle tarsus with

a squamous dorsal comb of white hairs; middle tibia and tarsus

without erect pectination; cercus not bifurcated.......C. pomeroi

- Antenna black; second to fifth tarsomeres of middle tarsus without

white hairs; middle tibia and tarsus with erect pectination....54

54. Cercus deeply bifurcated; middle leg along entire length with

short dorsal ciliation, becoming erect apicad....C. cilifemoratum

- Cercus not bifurcated; middle leg without dorsal ciliation.......

.....................................................C. ituriense

55. Wing black-brown, whitish along posterior edge, with narrow white

transverse band, falling down from R1 (female)......C. praecipuum

- Wing hyaline; male middle tibia and tarsus with irregular erect

setulae................................................C.gromieri

- Wing with brown bands and spots along costa and other veins....56

56. Middle basitarsomere with two ventral bristles, other tarsomeres

without remarkable hairs.............................C. tractatum

- Middle basitarsomere without ventral bristles, fourth and fifth

tarsomeres of the same tarsus with white dorsal hairs............

......................................................C. zaitzevi

57. Antenna at least partly yellow-red; cercus usually simple......58

- Antenna black; cercus bifurcated...............................60

58. Cercus fairly bifurcated; fore and middle femora black except

apical quarter; first three tarsomeres of middle tarsus brownish.

.........................................................C. norma

- Cercus not bifurcated; fore femora black in basal quarter, middle

femora black in basal 3/5; middle tarsus whitish...............59

59. Antenna pale-yellow; mesonotum with two bronze stripes; middle

femora with exclusively yellow ventral setae; hind tibia yellow..

......................................................C. zephirum

- Antenna red-brown; mesonotum without distinct stripes; middle

femora with black ventral setae in the middle; hind tibia black..

..................................................C. aequatoriale

60. First abdomenal segment with snow-white band; middle tarsus

without remarkable hairs............................C. ostentatum

- Abdomen metallic; third and fourth tarsomeres of middle tarsus

ornamented with black and white setae..................C. petersi
 
 

Acknowledgements

I am sincerely grateful to Dr. Brian Pitkin and Dr. Laslo Papp for

their kindness in giving me the opportunity to study the collections

of the Natural History Museum (London) and the Hungarian Natural

History Museum (Budapest). Dr. Daniel Bickel generously provided his

valuable monograph.

References

Becker Th. 1923. Dipterologische Studien: Dolichopodidae. D.

Aethiopische Region. - Entomol. Mitteilungen, 12, 1: 1-50.

Bickel D.J. 1994. The Australian Sciapodinae (Diptera:

Dolichopodidae), with a review of the Oriental and Australasian

faunas, and a world conspectus of the subfamily. - Rec. Austral.

Mus., Suppl. 21: 1-394.

Curran C.H. 1927a. New Dolichopodidae from the Ethiopian Region.

- Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 9, 19: 1-16.

Dyte C.E. & Smith K.G.V. 1980. Family Dolichopodidae. In R.W.

Crosskey (ed.). Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afrotropical Region.

Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), London, p. 443-463.

Grichanov I.Ya. 1995. Afrotropical species of the subgenus

Kalocheta Becker (Diptera: Dolichopodidae: Chrysosoma

Guerin-Meneville). - Int. J. Dipter. Res., v.6, N 4, p.365-368.

Grichanov I.Ya. (in litt.) Four new species of the genus

Amblypsilopus Bigot (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Tropical Africa and

Papua New Guinea. - Int. J. Dipter. Res.

Grichanov I.Ya. (in litt.) Gigantosciapus (Diptera:

Dolichopodidae), a new genus from Tropical Africa. - Int. J. Dipter.

Res.

Grichanov, I.Ya. (in litt.) A brief review of Ethiopian fauna of

the subfamily Sciapodinae (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) with descriptions

of the new species. - Int. J. Dipter. Res.

Parent O. 1933. Quelques Dipteres Dolichopodides exotiques du

Musee de Bruxelles. - Bull. Mus. roy. Hist. nat. Belg., 9, 20: 1-9.

Remark under figures

Figs. 1-4, 7-9. Hypopygium, lateral view. Figs. 5-6. Cercus,

left lateral view.

1, C. crinipes Parent

2, C. gemmeum (Walker)

3, C. zinovjevi sp.n.

4, C. tanasijtshuki sp.n.

5, C. mesotrichum (Bezzi)

6, C. fortunatum Parent

7, C. stubbsi sp.n.

8, C. kuznetzovi sp.n.

9, C. zaitzevi sp.n.