(Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Tropical Africa and Papua New Guinea
Igor Ya. GRICHANOV
Grichanov, I.Ya. Four new species of the genus Amblypsilopus
Bigot (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Tropical Africa and
Papua New Guinea
A. medvedevi sp.n. from Papua New Guinea, A. nartshukae sp.n.
from Angola, A. gorodkovi sp.n. from Tanzania, A. steelei from
Kenya are described. New records, catalogue and a key to
known species of Afrotropical Amblypsilopus are given.
I.Ya. Grichanov, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection,
Podbelskogo 3, St.Petersburg-Pushkin, 189620, Russia.
Key words: Diptera, Dolichopodidae, Amblypsilopus,
Papua New Guinea, Tropical Africa.
Introduction
The genus Amblypsilopus was reestablished by Bickel (1994) for a
great number of species, most of which were originally described in
Sciapus Zeller and Chrysosoma Guerin-Meneville from all
zoogeographical regions. The author synonymized Sciopolina Curran,
Labeneura Parent and Leptorhethum Aldrich with Amblypsilopus. The
genus has mainly a pan-tropical distribution, being possibly
polyphyletic (Bickel, 1994). For example, most Afrotropical species of
Amblypsilopus form two large assemblages, differing by the position of
arista on first flagellomere (basodorsal to dorsal or dorsoapical to
apical) and some other characters. Those groups may represent two or
more independent taxons.
Forty three Afrotropical species are known from all parts of
Tropical and South Africa, as well as on some Atlantic Ocean (St.
Helena) and Indian Ocean (Madagascar and Seychelles) islands. A.
pallidicornis is widespread throughout the western Pacific and Indian
Ocean. South African A. munroi was found recently in Sri Lanka
(Bickel, 1994). Indicaton of oriental A. simplex on Seychelles (Lamb,
1922: females only) probably refers to undescribed species. Australian
fauna of the genus is the richest, having 87 mostly endemic species
(Bickel, 1994).
While processing unidentified material from the collections of the
Natural History Museum, London (NHML), the Hungarian Natural History
Museum (HNHM), and the Zoological Institute, St. Petersburg (ZIN),
twelve species of the genus Amblypsilopus were found. In this paper
descriptions of a new species from Papua New Guinea, three new species
from Tropical Africa and new records for known African species are
given. A. cilifrons, A. ernestus, A. signatus and A. madagascarensis
are transferred here from Chrysosoma. The only significant difference
between descriptions of A. ernestus and A. munroi females (Curran,
1924) is anterior four tibia coloration (from dark-yelow in A. munroi
to black-brown in A. ernestus). This character is very variable in
other species of Amblypsilopus (Irwin, 1974; Bickel, 1994; see also
diagnosis of A. cilifrons and A. parilis in this paper). Thus we
synonymized the two species. Sciapus integer (Becker, 1923) should be
placed in Ethiosciapus Bickel (see remark by Parent, 1929, under the
key to Sciapus), and it is excluded from Amblypsilopus.
Holotypes and paratypes of the new species and neotype of A.
longifilus are conserved in the Natural History Museum (London),
holotype of A. gorodkovi is placed in the Hungarian Natural History
Museum (Budapest).
List of Afrotropical species of Amblypsilopus Bigot
(for references see Dyte & Smith, 1980)
aenescens Vanschuytbroeck, 1952:138 (Sciapus) - Madagascar
arduus Parent, 1936:6 (Sciapus) - Zaire
auratus Curran, 1924:217 (Chrysosoma) - South Africa, Zimbabwe (!),
Zambia, Angola, Zaire, Tanzania (!), Nigeria
basilewskyi Vanschuytbroeck, 1960:319 (Sciapus) - Tanzania, Kenya (!),
Uganda (!)
bevisi Curran, 1927:11 (Sciapus) - South Africa
bipectinatus Parent, 1934:120 (Sciapus) - Kenya
bonniae Irwin, 1974:245 (Sciopolina) - South Africa
cilifrons Parent, 1937:126 (Chrysosoma) - Nigeria, Togo (!), Zaire,
Kenya, n.comb.
coalescens Parent, 1934:121 (Sciapus) - Zaire
cuthbertsoni Parent, 1937:129 (Sciapus) - Zimbabwe
disjunctus Parent, 1936:1 (Chrysosoma) - Zaire, Nigeria
fasciatus Curran, 1924:216 (Sciopolina) - South Africa
= palliatus Curran, 1927:12 (Sciapus)
finitimus Parent, 1939:262 (Chrysosoma) - Zaire
flabellifer Becker, 1923:45 (Sciapus) - Madagascar, ?Zaire
flavicollis Becker, 1923:40 (Leptorhethum) - Cameroun, Equatorial
Guinea
gorodkovi sp.n. - Tanzania
haemorhoidalis Becker, 1923:46 (Sciapus) - Ethiopia, Uganda, South
Africa
inflexus Becker, 1923:40 (Sciapus) - Uganda, Zaire, South Africa,
Madagascar, St. Helena
lenga Curran, 1929:1 (Sciapus) - Liberia, Sierra Leone, Zimbabwe
= barbipalpis Parent, 1937:128 (Labeneura, as subgenus of
Sciapus)
longifilus Becker, 1923:28 (Chrysosoma) - Tanzania, Kenya, Zaire, St.
Helena
macularivenus Irwin, 1974:251 (Sciopolina) - South Africa
madagascarensis Vanschuytbroeck, 1953:89 (Chrysosoma) - Madagascar,
n.comb.
miserus Parent, 1935:81 (Chrysosoma) - Mozambique, Zimbabwe (!)
munroi Curran, 1924:218 (Chrysosoma) - South Africa, Namibia, Angola,
Mosambique; Sri Lanka
= ernestus Curran, 1924:218 (Chrysosoma), n.comb., n.syn.
nanus Parent, 1929:243 (Sciapus) - Senegal, Zaire
nartshukae sp.n. - Angola
nubilis Parent, 1935:87 (Sciapus) - Madagascar
pallidicornis Grimshaw, 1901:12 (Gnamptopsilopus) - Seychelles;
Hawaiian Islands, Society Islands, Marquesas Islands, Guam,
Belau, Taiwan
= fulgidipenne Enderlein, 1912:377 (Chrysosoma)
parilis Parent, 1931:44 (Chrysosoma) - South Africa, Namibia (!),
Zimbabwe (!), Tanzania, Zaire, Nigeria (!)
pernigrus Becker, 1923:30 (Chrysosoma) - Malawi, Zaire
rectangularis Parent, 1937:13 (Sciapus) - Zaire, ?Madagascar
retrovenus Irwin, 1974:242 (Sciopolina) - South Africa
rosaceus Wiedemann, 1824:40 (Dolichopus) - South Africa,
?Madagascar
= peringueyi Curran, 1926:2 (Sciapus)
setifrons Parent, 1937:14 (Sciapus) - Zaire, St. Helena
signatus Becker, 1923:35 (Chrysosoma) - Malawi, Zaire, n.comb.
simplex de Meijere, 1910:99 (Agonosoma) - ?Seycheles; Java
steelei sp.n. - Kenya
stuckenbergi Vanschuytbroeck, 1957:3 (Sciapus) - Madagascar
stuckenbergorum Irwin, 1974:236 (Sciopolina) - South Africa
subfascipennis Curran, 1926:386 (Sciapus) - Uganda, Zaire, St. Helena,
?Madagascar
sudanensis Parent, 1939:271 (Sciapus) - Sudan, Zaire
tenuicauda Parent, 1936:7 (Sciapus) - Zaire
tropicalis Parent, 1933:40 (Sciapus)
- Zaire
Descriptions and new records
Amblypsilopus rosaceus (Wiedemann)
Material examined. 3 males, 7 females, S. Africa (S6), C.P.
Silvermine, N.R. Cape penin, 2-3.I.1972. / Southern African Exp. B.M.
1972-1.
Diagnosis. Very interesting fly with mostly yellow thorax,
abdomen, legs and antenna; all coxae yellow; halteres yellow; lower
calipters with white cilia. Lateral frons with strong seta in both
sexes, one postvertical seta relatively short; arista basodorsal. Six
strong dorsocentrals; some short biseriate acrostichal setae,
restricted in anterior part of mesonotum; scutellum with two strong
and two hairlike lateral setae. Wing venation undisturbed. Legs
simple; fore tibia with two weak dorsal setae; fore basitarsomere not
much longer than tibia, and 4 times as long as second tarsomere; fifth
tarsomere of all tarsi slightly flattened; middle and hind tibiae with
strong setae; hind basitarsomere with short basoventral seta. Cercus
with short hairs, filiform, nearly thrice as long as hypopygium.
Distribution: South Africa, ?Madagascar
Amblypsilopus steelei sp.n. (Fig. 1)
Holotype. Male, Kenya: Kwali Forest, 20 mls W of Mombasa,
1.VI.1948 / Miss. M. Steele. B.M. 1948-347.
Description. Frons broad, shining metallic blue-green. A weak
front vertical bristle bends forward, a strong postvertical one is
positioned as a linear continuation of the postocular setal row.
Ventral postcranium covered with dense irregular white hairs. Face
green, densely white pollinose, slightly convex, clypeus separated
from eyes, not coming down eyes; face slightly narrowed, 1.7 times as
high as wide under antennae. Palpi and proboscis yellow, with light
hairs, palpus also with two black bristles. Antenna yellow, 1.7 times
as long as height of head. Scape slightly swollen; pedicel with a ring
of short setulae, one ventral bristle, twice as long as first
flafellomere, and one shorter dorsal seta. First flagellomere rounded,
slightly longer than heigh, with short yellow hairs. Arista
apicodorsal, bare. Length ratio of scape to pedicel to first
flagellomere to arista - 7:6:10:125.
Mesonotum and scutellum brilliantly shining blue-green. Pleura
bronze-green, densely grey pollinose. 5 (?) strong dorsocentral setae;
3 (?) long acrostichals. Scutellum with two strong bristles and two
lateral hairs.
Legs including trochanters yellow. Middle and hind coxae
brown-black, apical segments of tarsi brown (last tarsomeres of middle
and hind tarsi broken). Fore coxa from the front with short white
hairs and 4 or 5 long yellow apical setae. Middle and hind coxae from
the outside with a few yellow hairs, hind coxa also with one external
bristle. Femora practically bare. Fore tibia bare. Fore basitarsomere
slightly broadened, ventrally flattened, with pale pile; fifth
tarsomere flattened. Length ratio of fore coxa to femora to tibia to
tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 4.8 : 6.5 : 9.7 : 4.0 : 0.7 :
0.9 : 0.5 : 0.5. Middle tibia with 3 antero-dorsal, 2 short
postero-dorsal and 3 or 4 apical bristles. Length ratio of middle coxa
to femora to tibia to tarsus (segments from first to third) - 2.6 :
7.7 : 11.8 : 7.1 : 2.4 : 1.7. Hind tibia with 2 antero-dorsal, 3
postero-dorsal, 3 or 4 apical setae. Length ratio of hind coxa to
femora to tibia to basitarsomere - 2.2 : 9.0 : 14.8 : 5.6.
Wings hyaline, veins brown. R4+5 gently curved to M1 at apex. M1
gently curved and forming the right angle with M1+2. Ratio of parts of
costa between R2+3 and R4+5 to those between R4+5 and M1 - 22 : 4. M2
present as short stub vein and faint fold on membrane. Crossvein m-cu
slightly sinuate. Ratio of crossvein m-cu to apical part of M1+2
(fork-handle) to apical part of CuA - 45 : 65 : 20. Anal vein and lobe
present. Anal angle right. Squamae yellow, with brown edging and pale
hairs. Halteres yellow, haltere stem thin, twice as long as knob, with
a row of short dark setulae.
Abdomen shining blue-green, white pollinose, with short black
hairs and long black marginal bristles. Base of segments mat-black;
first and second segments with short white hairs; fourth and fifth
segments swollen, with long dark ventral hairs; unmodified segments
together nearly twice as long as mesonotum; seventh segment 1/3 times
as long as sixth. Hypopygium brown. Cercus dark-yellow, wrench-shaped,
with simple basodorsal hairs, hook-shaped setae and one long bristle
in the middle, and numerous short thickened setae on both apical arms.
Surstylus subtriangular, with strong bristles and distodorsal
apophysis. Epandrial lobe prominent, with three setae.
Female. Unknown.
Length: body 6.2 mm; antenna 2.1 mm; wing-length 6.1 mm;
wing-width 1.7 mm.
Distribution: Kenya.
Etymology. The species is named for collector, M. Steele.
Diagnosis. A. steelei has some similarities with A. basilewskyi,
differing by broadened and flattened fore basitarsomere and simple
other tarsomeres, and another morphology of hypopygium. The new
species is closely related to Chrysosoma centrale (Becker, 1923) from
Cameroun, which perharps should be transferred in Amblypsilopus. But
A. steelei differs by larger size, yellow hairs and bristles on fore
coxa and another ratio of fore
podomeres.
Amblypsilopus basilewskyi (Vanschuytbroeck) (Fig. 2, 3)
Material examined. 2 males, 1 female, Kenya: 24-29.XII.1970, A.E.
Stubbs. B.M. 1972-211 / Meru, 5-7000 feet. 6 females, Kenya: Nyeri,
III-IV.1948, M. Steele. B.M. 1948-497. 2 males, 2 females, Uganda:
Ruwenzori Range, XII.1934-I.1935. B.M. E. Afr. Exp. B.M. 1935-203 /
Kilembe, 4500 ft., F.W. Edwards.
Additional material. Female, W.Uganda: Kibale Forest, 12.XII.1971
- 9.I.1972, R.L. Mason. Female, Kenya: 9-13.XII.1970, A.E. Stubbs.
B.M. 1972-211 / Nairobi, 5500 feet. Female, Naivasha 3, [19]37, H.J.A.
Turner.
Description. Frons shining metallic blue-violet. A weak front
vertical bristle bends forward, a strong postvertical one is
positioned as a linear continuation of the postocular setal row.
Ventral postcranium covered with dense irregular white hairs. Face
violet-green, grey pollinose, slightly concave, clypeus separated from
eyes, hardly coming down eyes; face narrowed, 1.6 times as high as
wide under antennae. Palpi and proboscis orange, with light hairs,
palpus also with 1 or 2 black setae. Antenna yellow, as long as height
of head. Scape vase-like; pedicel with a ring of very short setulae,
and with short but strong dorsal and ventral setae. First flagellomere
rounded or oval, with short yellow hairs. Arista dorsal, preapical,
bare. Length ratio of scape to pedicel to first flagellomere to arista
- 9:6:10:165.
Mesonotum and scutellum brilliantly shining blue-green, sometimes
with copper reflection. Pleura bronze-green, with brown sutures, grey
pollinose. Two strong posterior and four hairlike anterior
dorsocentral setae; two or three pairs of long acrostichals, organized
in irregular rows. Scutellum with two strong bristles.
Legs including coxae and trochanters light-yellow. Middle and
hind coxae with blackish-brown external spot. Sometimes (Uganda) only
middle coxa with long and narrow external brown spot; apical four
segments of posterior four tarsi brown. Fore coxa from the front with
white hairs and four yellow apical setae. Middle and hind coxae from
the outside with a few yellow hairs. All femora with very short hairs
and setulae. Fore tibia with 3 or 4 dorsal, 2 or 3 apical setae;
fourth tarsomere with irregular antero-dorsal, dorsal, postero-dorsal
and posterior dark hairs, which twice as long as article diameter;
fifth tarsomere of fore tarsus oval, broadened and flattened, with
curved posterior flag of long yellow setae, twice as long as width of
tarsomere. Length ratio of fore coxa to femora to tibia to tarsus
(segments from first to fifth) - 2.4 : 4.1 : 5.2 : 5.2 : 2.3 : 1.3 :
0.7 : 0.7. Middle femora with two apicoventral hairs; tibia with 4 or
6 antero-dorsal, 4 or 5 postero-dorsal, 1 to 3 ventral and 4 or 5
apical bristles. Length ratio of middle coxa to femora to tibia to
tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 1.9 : 4.7 : 9.0 : 7.1 : 2.0 :
1.3 : 0.7 : 0.3. Hind tibia with 2 or 3 anterior, 3 or 4
antero-dorsal, 9 to 11 postero-dorsal, 7 to 9 ventral and 4 or 5
apical setae. Length ratio of hind coxa to femora to tibia to tarsus
(segments from first to second) - 1.5 : 6.5 : 10.2 : 5.2 : 2.4.
Wings hyaline, smoky in anterior part, veins brown. R4+5 gently
curved to M1 in apical fifth. M1 gently curved and forming the right
angle with M1+2. Ratio of parts of costa between R2+3 and R4+5 to
those between R4+5 and M1 - 29 : 10. M2 well developed. Crossvein m-cu
slightly sinuate. Ratio of crossvein m-cu to apical part of M1+2
(fork-handle) to apical part of CuA - 73 : 81 : 25. Anal vein and lobe
present. Anal angle right. Lower calipter yellow, with yellow hairs.
Haltere yellow, knob orange; haltere stem thin, 3.5 times as long as
knob, with a row of dark setulae in apical half.
Abdomen long and thin, shining blue-green, whitish pollinose,
with short black hairs and long black marginal bristles. Base of
segments mat-black; first tergum with membranous excavation and short
white lateral hairs; sternum with white hairs. 1st-6th segments
together more than thrice as long as mesonotum; 7th segment 2/3 as
long as 6th one, with hairs and sometimes with marginal bristles. 7th
and 8th segments either black-brown or yellow-brown. Hypopygium brown.
Hypopygial foramen left basolateral. Cercus yellow, with yellow hairs
and apical brush of long dark setae. Surstylus black. Hypandrial hood
broad, reaching the middle of surstylus. Hypandrial arm thin and long,
arising at midlength of hypandrium and extending beyond apex of
surstylus. Aedeagus with developed dorsal angle. 1 or 2 ventral
epandrial setae.
Female. Similar to male except lacking male secondary sexual
characters, otherwise as follows: frons with a strong vertical seta;
face twice as high as wide under antennae; clypeus slightly bulging;
ventral postcranium with additional row of 6 or 7 strong yellow
bristles; fore coxa with a row of 9 yellow spine-like anterior
bristles. All tarsi from the end of basitarsomere brown; ratio of
first to second tarsomere of fore, middle and hind tarsi - 4.1:1.5;
4.8:1.7; 3.9:1.9. 9th hemitergite with two thin spatulate setae;
cercus long, with two long apical setae.
Length: male body 9.7 mm; antenna 2.5 mm; female body 7.4 mm;
wing-length 8.4 mm; wing-width 2.3 mm.
Distribution: Uganda (!), Tanzania, Kenya (!).
Diagnosis. Specimens examined are identical to brief and
incomplete description (Vanschuytbroeck, 1960) of A. basilewskyi,
collected in Kilimandjaro District of Tanzania, but may represent a
separate species. Males have yellow flag on broadened fifth tarsomere
of fore tarsus. Males from Kenya have some differences with males from
Uganda as noted. First flagellomere rounded, as long as high; middle
and hind coxae with blackish-brown external spot; middle femora with
antero-ventral row of somewhat elongated dark hairs, which at most as
long as femora diameter; seventh abdominal segment with long fine
hairs, without strong bristles; cercus with somewhat stronger setae.
Otherwise hypopygium of both male series is almost identical. Females
of both types, collected in Kenya and Uganda, present in the
collection.
Amblypsilopus nartshukae sp.n. (Fig. 4)
Holotype. Male. Angola: 2 miles S. Luanda, G.R. Gradwell & D.
Snow / Mangrove swamp / O.U.E.C. Exp. to Angola. B.M. 1950-337.
Paratypes. 1 male and 6 females, the same labels.
Description. Frons broad, shining metallic green. A strong front
vertical bristle bends forward, postvertical one is positioned as a
linear continuation of the postocular setal row. Ventral postcranium
covered with dense irregular white hairs. Face blue-green, wholly
white pollinose, clypeus separated from eyes; face slightly narrowed,
1.3 times as high as wide under antennae. Palpi and proboscis short,
yellow, palpus with light hairs and 2 black bristles. Antenna black,
shorter than height of head. Pedicel with long and strong dorsal and
ventral bristles, thrice as long as pedicel. First flagellomere oval,
shorter than its height, with short hairs. Arista apicodorsal,
microscopically haired. Length ratio of scape to pedicel to first
flagellomere to arista - 5:5:5:48.
Mesonotum and scutellum brilliantly shining green with copper
reflection. Pleura bronze-green, grey pollinose. 2 strong posterior
and 1 strong anterior with 2 middle hairlike dorsocentral setae; 3
long acrostichals, restricted to anterior half of mesonotum.
Scutellum with two strong bristles and two lateral hairs.
Legs including fore and middle trochanters yellow. Middle and
hind coxae bronze-black, the very base of fore coxa, hind trochanter
and apical segments of tarsi dark-brown. Fore coxa from the front with
short white hairs and three long yellow apical setae. Middle and hind
coxae from the front with a few yellow hairs, hind coxa with light
external bristle. All trochanters and femora with very short pale
ventral hairs in basal half, hind femora with a few postero-ventral
hairs in apical third. Fore tibia with short basodorsal seta; middle
tibia with short basal antero-dorsal seta. Second to fifth tarsomeres
of fore and middle tarsi with irregular erected setulae; fifth
tarsomere of the same tarsi slightly flattened, with well developed
pulvilli; fourth and fifth tarsomeres of hind tarsus flattened and
ventrally pad-like. Length ratio of fore coxa to femora to tibia to
tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 5.0 : 7.5 : 8.1 : 5.3 : 2.0 :
1.6 : 1.3 : 0.8. Length ratio of middle coxa to femora to tibia to
tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 3.5 : 8.0 : 11.5 : 7.0 : 3.3 :
2.2 : 1.5 : 0.8. Length ratio of hind coxa to femora to tibia to
tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 2.5 : 10.5 : 14.5 : 5.6 : 3.4
: 2.0 : 1.2 : 0.9.
Wings hyaline, veins brown. R4+5 gently curved to M1 in apical
fifth. M1 gently curved and forming the right angle with M1+2. Ratio
of parts of costa between R2+3 and R4+5 to those between R4+5 and M1 -
22 : 6. M2 present as short stub vein and faint fold on membrane.
Crossvein m-cu straight. Ratio of crossvein m-cu to apical part of M1
+2 (fork-handle) to apical part of CuA - 31 : 39 : 17. Anal vein and
lobe present. Anal angle sharp. Lower calipter yellow, with brown
edging and white hairs. Halteres yellow, haltere stem as long as knob,
with a fringe of six short black setulae from above.
Abdomen shining blue-green, with copper reflection; all segments
with short black hairs and a few long black bristles; venter with
white hairs. Apical border of segments somewhat darker; first tergum
with narrow membranous excavation. 1st-6th segments together nearly
twice as long as mesonotum. Hypopygium black-brown. Cercus yellow,
digitiform, pointed on apex, with small distodorsal apophysis.
Surstylus curved, distally broadened, with two distodorsal
prominences. Epandrial lobe prominent, with long apical and subapical
bristles.
Female. Similar to male except lacking male secondary sexual
characters, otherwise as follows: body usually shining metallic
green, with lesser blue and copper reflection than in males; middle
dorsocentral setae somewhat stronger than in males; all tibiae with
one basal anterodorsal seta. Ratio of first to second tarsomere of
fore, middle and hind tarsi - 4.5:1.8; 6.0:2.6; 4.3:3.8.
Length: male body 4.3 - 4.6 mm; antenna 0.9 mm; female body 3.2 -
3.3 mm; wing-length 3.7 mm; wing-width 1.2 mm.
Distribution: Angola.
Etymology. The species is named for Russian dipterologist Dr.
Emilia P. Nartshuk.
Diagnosis. A. nartshukae is related to A. haemorhoidalis. Males of
the new species strongly differ by small hypopygium and short cercus
with distodorsal apophysis. Wings hyaline, fore and middle tarsi with
erected ciliation, otherwise legs practically simple. Females are
closely related to A. nubilis, differing in wholly black antenna,
shorter posterior tarsus, and hind tibia setation.
Amblypsilopus bipectinatus (Parent)
Material examined: Male, Kenya: Aberdare Range, X.1934,
B.M.E.Afr.Exp. B.M.1935-203 / Mt. Kinangop, 8000 ft (F.W. Edwards) /
Cedar forest.
Diagnosis. A. bipectinatus is associated with a group of species
having black antenna and mostly brown-black posterior four coxae. It
can be distinctly separated by anterior and ventral erected and
thickened chetulae on middle tibia and basitarsomere. Additional
diagnostic features are as follows. All coxae with yellow hairs and
bristles; last segments of fore tarsus with some remarkable hairs;
hind tibia with 6 to 8 anterior bristles and a few weak posterior and
dorsal setae; hind basitarsomere with a few weak anteroventral setae;
cercus with long yellow dorso-apical
hairs.
Amblypsilopus gorodkovi sp.n. (Fig. 5)
Holotype. Male. Tanzania: Kwamsambia, Tanga region / 1-18.II.1987,
leg. Mahunka, Zicsi [HNHM].
Description. Frons metallic blue-green. Ventral postcranium
covered with dense irregular white hairs. Face wide, metallic
blue-green, pollinose; face slightly narrowed, 1.2 times as high as
wide under antennae. Palpi and proboscis orange, palpus with light
hairs and 1 black bristle. Antenna black, not longer than height of
head. Pedicel with short but strong dorsal and ventral bristles. First
flagellomere subtriangular, as long as heigh, with short hairs. Arista
basodorsal, microscopically haired.
Mesonotum metallic, dark blue-green (setae broken). Pleura
bronze-green, grey pollinose. Scutellum with two strong bristles.
Legs including trochanters light-yellow. Middle and hind coxae
brown in basal half, fore femora brownish ventrally in basal half,
apical segments of tarsi brown-black, fifth tarsomere of middle tarsus
white. Fore coxa from the front with white hairs. Middle and hind
coxae from the outside with a few light hairs. Fore femora with
ventral brush of dirty-yellow curved hairs in basal half, which as
long as femora diameter, middle and hind femora with a few short light
basoventral hairs. Fore tibia and tarsus simple. Length ratio of fore
coxa to femora to tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 5.1
: 7.3 : 7.4 : 9.0 : 2.6 : 2.0 : 1.3 : 0.9. Middle tibia without setae;
middle tarsus with slightly flattened fourth tarsomere and suboval
fifth tarsomere. Length ratio of middle coxa to femora to tibia to
tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 2.7 : 7.2 : 12.2 : 11.0 : 3.0
: 2.0 : 1.2 : 1.0. Hind tibia with a few weak postero-dorsal setae.
Length ratio of hind coxa to femora to tibia to tarsus (segments from
first to fifth) - 2.0 : 11.0 : 16.0 : 7.2 : 3.7 : 2.2 : 1.4 : 0.8.
Wings hyaline, with parallel anterior and posterior borders,
veins brown. R4+5 gently curved to M1 in apical fifth. M1+2 and M1
form the right angle. M1 with elbow-shaped bend, than almost straight.
Ratio of parts of costa between R2+3 and R4+5 to those between R4+5
and M1 - 24 : 5. M2 present as stub vein and faint fold on membrane.
M1+2 distinctly convex anteriorly near junction with m-cu. Crossvein
m-cu straight or slightly convex. Ratio of crossvein m-cu to apical
part of M1+2 (fork-handle) to apical part of CuA - 33 : 35 : 10. Anal
vein and lobe present. Anal angle sharp. Lower calipter yellow, with
brown edging and yellow hairs. Halteres yellow, haltere stem thin,
twice as long as knob.
Abdomen shining blue-green, with short light hairs. Apical border
of segments somewhat darker; 1st-6th segments together nearly thrice
as long as mesonotum. Hypopygium and 7th segment dark-brown. Cercus
brown, with light hairs, bifurcated. Surstylus with elongated external
apophysis. Hypandrial arm with serrations. Epandrial lobe reduced.
Female. Unknown.
Length: body with hypopygium 4.4 mm; antenna 0.5 mm; wing-length
3.7 mm; wing-width 1.1 mm.
Distribution: Tanzania.
Etymology. The species is named for Russian dipterologist Dr.
K.B. Gorodkov.
Diagnosis. A. gorodkovi is related with a group of species having
black antenna and mostly brown-black posterior four coxae. It clearly
differs from other species by ventral brush of long dense curved hairs
on fore femora, white fifth tarsomere of middle tarsus and bifurcated
cercus. Surstylus with elongated external apophysis. Hypandrial arm
with serrations. Epandrial lobe reduced.
Amblypsilopus longifilus (Becker) (Fig. 6)
Chrysosoma longifilum Becker, 1923:28 (HNHM, types lost)
Amblypsilopus longifilus (Becker). - Bickel, 1994:352
Neotype, here designated. Male. E. Africa: Arusha, 4.I.1961, B.
Hocking / Hocking Colln, B.M. 1980-386.
Description. Frons shining metallic violet-green, with three
curved black vertical setae. Two rather long postvertical bristles are
positioned in the middle of each lateral half of posterior frons. One
pair of postocellar hairs, upper postocular setae nearly as long as
postvertical bristles. Ventral postcranium covered with dense
irregular white hairs. Face violet-green, weakly white pollinose,
epistome slightly bulging, clypeus separated from eyes, not coming
down eyes; face narrowed, as high as wide under antennae. Palpi and
proboscis short, black with light hairs, palpus also with two long
black bristles. Antenna black, 1 and 3/4 as long as height of head.
Pedicel with a ring of short setulae and at least one strong dorsal
bristle, which as long as next article. First flagellomere
asymmetrically triangular, as long as high at base, with short ventral
hairs. Arista apical, bare. Length ratio of scape to pedicel to first
flagellomere to arista - 4:5:9:123.
Mesonotum and scutellum blackish with metallic green-violet
reflection. Pleura dark bronze-green, whitish pollinose. Two strong
posterior and a few hairlike anterior dorsocentral setae; three pairs
of long acrostichals. Scutellum with two strong bristles.
Legs mostly black; fore and middle knees, tibiae and
basitarsomeres in basal half yellow. All coxae with white hairs,
longest on lateral side of fore coxa. All femora with two rows of
white ventral hairs in basal half, which longer than femora diameter.
Middle femora on postero-ventral surface with white hairs turning into
long black hairs in apical half. Fifth tarsomere of all tarsi slightly
flattened. Fore tibia bare. Apical third of fore basitarsomere with
ventral pad of short hooked hairs. Length ratio of fore coxa to femora
to tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 4.0 : 8.0 : 8.1 :
5.8 : 2.2 : 1.2 : 0.8 : 0.7. Middle tibia with two short and weak
dorsal setae. Length ratio of middle coxa to femora to tibia to tarsus
(segments from first to fifth) - 3.1 : 8.6 : 11.7 : 8.5 : 3.0 : 1.9 :
1.1 : 0.8. Length ratio of hind coxa to femora to tibia to tarsus
(segments from first to fifth) - 2.0 : 11.5 : 15.2 : 7.8 : 3.1 : 1.8 :
0.9 : 0.9.
Wings hyaline, veins brown. R1 long, extending behind the middle
of wing. M1 forming sharp internal angle with M1+2, slightly recurved
basad, with right angle bend, than straight. R4+5 gently curved to M1
in apical fifth. Ratio of parts of costa between R2+3 and R4+5 to
those between R4+5 and M1 - 24 : 7. M2 present as short stub vein and
faint fold on membrane. Crossvein m-cu straight, forming obtuse angle
with M1+2. Ratio of crossvein m-cu to apical part of M1+2
(fork-handle) to apical part of CuA - 44 : 41 : 25. Anal vein present
as faint fold. Alula and anal lobe well developed. Anal angle
extremely sharp. Lower calipter brown, with black setae. Halteres
black, haltere stem twice as long as knob, with a group of hairs from
above.
Abdomen shining, dark blue-green, with short black hairs and
long black bristles. Borders of segments narrowly black; first tergum
with narrow pale membranous excavation and short white hairs; venter
with long black hairs. 1st-6th segments together nearly twice as long
as mesonotum. Hypopygium black-brown. Cercus brown, whiplike with
long black cilia, longest on basoventral surface; those cilia at most
1/7 as long as cercus. Surstylus strongly curved. Epandrial lobe
prominent, with two apical setae.
Length: body 4.5 mm; postabdomen 1.8 mm; antenna 2.0 mm;
wing-length 4.4 mm; wing-width 1.4 mm.
Distribution: Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, Zaire, St. Helena.
Diagnosis. A. longifilus is associated with parilis Group,
differing by the following combination of characters. Lateral frons
with two postvertical setae; face metallic blue green, thinly grey
pollinose; palpus black, proboscis brown; all femora with two rows of
white ventral hairs in basal half, which longer than femora diameter;
middle femora on posteroventral surface with white hairs turning into
long black hairs in apical half; fore and middle basitarsomeres
yellow-brown; first tarsomere of fore tarsus 2.6 times as long as
second article; apical third of fore basitarsomere with ventral pad of
short fine hairs; middle tibia with two short dorsal setae; cercus
long, filiform, with long cilia; epandrial lobe prominent.
Remark. Becker (1923) described A. longifilus from 2 males and a
female collected at Katona-Arusha and Mujenja (HNHM, lost). Neotype
from the same locality (Arusha) differs from the description by
Becker in palp, proboscis and basitarsomeres coloration. All those
characters are very variable in other species of Amblypsilopus
(Irwin, 1974; Bickel, 1994).
Amblypsilopus parilis (Parent) (Fig. 7)
Material examined. 2 males, N.Nigeria: Nguru, 14.III.1971, J.C.
Deeming. Female, Nigeria: Samaru, 23-25.VI.1970, P.H. Ward. B.M.
1970-604. Male, S.W. Africa (W49): Rietfontein, 23 mls SW
Grootfontein, 3.VI.1972 / Southern African Exp. B.M. 1972-1. Male, By
Sanyati R., Tsetse Fly Ops., S.Rhodesia, 8.I.1956, nr. Kanba Camp,
coll. R. Goovier, 58-9 [NHML].
Description. Similar to A. longifilus except as noted. Frons with
two or three curved black vertical setae. One or two postvertical
bristles, upper postocular setae short. Face except upper part densely
white pollinose. Antenna black, 1 and 1/3 as long as height of head.
First flagellomere asymmetrically triangular, 1 and 1/3 as long as
high at base, with short ventral hairs. Arista apical, microscopically
haired. Length ratio of scape to pedicel to first flagellomere to
arista - 5:5:9:65.
Mesonotum and scutellum metallic blue-green. Two or three long
acrostichals.
Legs mostly black; fore and middle knees, tibiae and
basitarsomeres yellow. Specimens from Nigeria with mostly yellow hind
tibia. All femora with two rows of white ventral hairs in basal half,
which shorter than femora diameter. Middle and hind femora on
postero-ventral surface with three or four preapical black hairs. Fore
tarsomeres with simple setulae. Length ratio of fore coxa to femora to
tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 3.5 : 5.6 : 6.7 : 4.5
: 1.7 : 1.1 : 0.7 : 0.5. Middle tibia and tarsus with short erected
setulae. Length ratio of middle coxa to femora to tibia to tarsus
(segments from first to fifth) - 2.7 : 7.4 : 9.9 : 6.2 : 3.2 : 2.0 :
1.4 : 0.7. Length ratio of hind coxa to femora to tibia to tarsus
(segments from first to fifth) - 2.0 : 9.2 : 12.2 : 6.0 : 2.8 : 1.6 :
0.9 : 0.6.
Wing vein R1 long, extending upto the middle of wing. Ratio of
parts of costa between R2+3 and R4+5 to those between R4+5 and M1 - 21
: 7. Ratio of crossvein m-cu to apical part of M1+2 (fork-handle) to
apical part of CuA - 30 : 33 : 15.
Hypopygium black. Cercus blackish, whiplike, with light and dark
dense hairs, which at most 1/10 as long as cercus. Surstylus strongly
curved. Epandrial lobe reduced, with its setae raising on the ventral
side of surstylus base.
Female. Similar to male except lacking male secondary sexual
characters, otherwise as follows: frons with strong vertical bristle;
first flagellomere as long as heigh at base; R1 slightly shorter than
in males, ending before the middle of wing; haltere dirty yellow;
middle tibia with one antero-dorsal setae. Ratio of first to second
tarsomere of fore, middle and hind tarsi - 2.1:1.1; 3.5:1.3; 2.6:1.9.
Abdomen shining green, without black bands; ninth hemitergit long,
with two long spinate setae; cercus long, with two long apical hairs.
Length: body 3.5 mm; postabdomen 1.3 mm; antenna 1.2 mm; female
body 2.7 mm; wing-length 3.5 mm; wing-width 1.2 mm.
Distribution: South Africa, Namibia (!), Zimbabwe (!), Tanzania,
Zaire, Nigeria (!).
Diagnosis. A. parilis differs by the following combination of
characters. Face white pollinose; palpus and proboscis black; all
femora with two rows of short white ventral hairs in basal half; first
tarsomere of fore tarsus 2.65 times as long as second article and
nearly as long as rest; fore tarsus with simple setulae; middle tibia
and tarsus with short erected setulae. Cercus blackish, whiplike, with
light and dark dense hairs, which at most 1/10 as long as cercus.
Epandrial lobe reduced, with its setae raising on the ventral side of
surstylus base.
Amblypsilopus auratus (Curran) (Fig. 8)
Material examined. 5 males and a female, Njombe, 6000-6500 ft,
Tanganyika, 10-18.I.1952, Dr. W.Peters. Male, Nigeria: Ilorin,
17.V.1912, J.W.Scott-Mcfie. Male, By Sanyati R., Tsetse Fly Ops.,
S.Rhodesia, 8.I.1956, nr. Kanba Camp, coll. R. Goovier, 58-9 [NHML].
Male, S.Africa: Cape Province, 18.XI.1954, C.H. Andrewes / Brit. Mus.
1955-68 / [?] 14.II.1954.
Description. Similar to A. longifilus except as noted. Frons
with a group of curved black vertical setae. One postvertical
bristle. Antenna twice as long as height of head. Arista slightly
thickened at base, microscopically haired in apical half. Length
ratio of scape to pedicel to first flagellomere to arista -
5:5:7:110.
Legs black. All femora with two rows of white ventral hairs in
basal 2/3, which longer than femora diameter. Fore and middle femora
on posterior surface with a few black hairs in apical third. Fore
tibia and tarsus with postero-ventral and postero-dorsal rows of
somewhat elongated setulae; fore tibia with two fine posteroventral
setae. Apical third or half of fore basitarsomere and second
tarsomere with ventral pad of short fine hairs. Middle tibia with two
weak ventral setae. (All ratios for males collected from Tanzania).
Length ratio of fore coxa to femora to tibia to tarsus (segments from
first to fifth) - 4.3 : 7.0 : 7.5 : 3.8 : 2.7 : 1.4 : 0.8 : 0.7.
Length ratio of middle coxa to femora to tibia to tarsus (segments
from first to fifth) - 3.0 : 7.5 : 9.8 : 7.0 : 2.2 : 1.6 : 0.9 : 0.7.
Length ratio of hind coxa to femora to tibia to tarsus (segments from
first to fifth) - 2.3 : 9.0 : 13.3 : 5.5 : 2.6 : 1.5 : 1.0 : 0.7.
Wing vein R1 long, ending just before the middle of wing. M1
forming right angle with M1+2, strongly curved to apex, than
straight. Ratio of parts of costa between R2+3 and R4+5 to those
between R4+5 and M1 - 30 : 8. Ratio of crossvein m-cu to apical part
of M1+2 (fork-handle) to apical part of CuA - 39 : 36 : 21.
Hypopygium black. Cercus brown, short, strap-like (dorsal view),
with short black hairs. Surstylus strongly curved, flattened and oval
in apical half (ventral view), with 8 - 13 distolateral setulae and
thin dorsoapical hook. Epandrial lobe reduced with 2 or 3 setae
raising on the ventral side of surstylus base.
Female. Similar to male except lacking male secondary sexual
characters, otherwise as follows: frons with strong vertical seta;
face 1.4 times as high as wide under antenna; middle tibia with one
anterodorsal bristle. Ratio of first to second tarsomere of fore,
middle and hind tarsi - 3.9:2.1; 5.2:2.7; 5.2:2.8. Halteres yellow.
Abdomen shining green, without black bands; ninth hemitergit long,
with two long spinate setae; cercus long, with two long apical hairs.
Length: body 3.6 - 4.2 mm; postabdomen 0.6 mm; antenna 1.6 mm;
female body 3.1 mm; wing-length 3.8 - 4.0 mm; wing-width 1.5 mm.
Distribution: South Africa, Zimbabwe (!), Zambia, Angola, Zaire,
Nigeria, Tanzania (!).
Diagnosis. A. auratus differs by the following combination of
characers. Legs black; all femora with two rows of white ventral
hairs in basal 2/3, which longer than femora diameter; fore tibia
with two fine postero-ventral setae; middle tibia with weaker two
ventral and 0 - 1 basodorsal setae; first tarsomere of fore tarsus
3/4 to 7/5 as long as second article and 2/5 to 2/3 as long as rest
tarsomeres; apical third or half of fore basitarsomere with ventral
pad of short fine hairs; fourth and fifth tarsomeres of hind tarsus
flattened; m-cu straight. Cercus brown, short, strap-like (dorsal
view), with short black hairs. Surstylus strongly curved, flattened
and oval in apical half (ventral view), with 8 - 13 distolateral
setulae and thin dorsoapical hook.
Amblypsilopus cilifrons (Parent) (Fig. 9)
Material examined. 4 males, N.Nigeria: Zaria, Samaru, 2.VII.1967,
19.III.1971 & 16.VII.1972, J.C. Deeming. Male, Nigeria: Samaru, 6-23.
VIII.1970, P.H. Ward. B.M. 1970-604 / Mercury vapour light trap. Male,
Nigeria: N.W.State, Mokwa. I.A.R. Mile 1, 8-17.VIII.1970, P.H. Ward.
B.M. 1970-604 / M/V light white sheet. 2 males, Togo: Bassari, sur les
boeufs, 16.VII.1971, R.Mable [ZIN].
Description. Similar to A. longifilus except as noted. Frons with
a group of curved black vertical setae. One postvertical bristle.
Length ratio of scape to pedicel to first flagellomere to arista -
5:5:5:85.
Legs mostly black; fore and middle tibiae and basitarsomeres
yellow to dark-brown. All coxae with white hairs, longest on lateral
side of fore coxa; middle coxa sometimes with a few dark apical hairs.
All femora with two rows of white ventral hairs in basal 2/3, which
longer than femora diameter. Fore and middle femora on postero-ventral
surface with a row of black hairs in apical third. Tibiae bare. Fifth
tarsomere of anterior four tarsi slightly flattened. Fore
basitarsomere and following article with ventral pad of short fine
hairs. Fourth and fifth tarsomeres of hind tarsus flattened. (All
ratios for males with black-brown legs). Length ratio of fore coxa to
femora to tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 3.4 : 6.0 :
5.9 : 3.5 : 1.7 : 1.0 : 0.5 : 0.5. Length ratio of middle coxa to
femora to tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 2.2 : 6.8 :
8.2 : 6.0 : 1.6 : 1.2 : 0.6 : 0.6. Length ratio of hind coxa to femora
to tibia to tarsus (segments from first to fifth) - 1.9 : 8.2 : 11.4 :
5.1 : 2.0 : 1.2 : 0.7 : 0.6.
Wing vein R1 long, ending just before the middle of wing. Costa
with short crocheted setulae. M1 forming right angle with M1+2, with
obtuse angle bend, than straight. Ratio of parts of costa between R2+3
and R4+5 to those between R4+5 and M1 - 25 : 6. M2 present as faint
fold on membrane. Ratio of crossvein m-cu to apical part of M1+2
(fork-handle) to apical part of CuA - 28 : 32 : 16.
Hypopygium black. Cercus short, black, strap-like (dorsal view),
densely haired, with a brush of longer black hairs on apex. Surstylus
strongly curved, flattened and oval (ventral view), with 5 - 6
distolateral setulae, one of which longest, and with thin dorsoapical
hook. Epandrial lobe reduced with 1 or 2 setae raising on the ventral
side of surstylus base.
Length: body 3.4 - 3.8 mm; postabdomen 0.6 mm; antenna 1.2 - 1.4
mm; wing-length 3.0 - 3.3 mm; wing-width 1.0 - 1.2 mm.
Distribution: Nigeria, Togo (!), Zaire, Kenya.
Diagnosis. A. cilifrons is associated with auratus Group,
differing by the following combination of characters. Legs mostly
black; fore and middle tibiae and basitarsomeres yellow to
dark-brown. All femora with two rows of white ventral hairs in basal
2/3, which longer than femora diameter; fore tibia without erected
setulae; first tarsomere of fore tarsus 1.5 - 2 times as long as
second article and 2/3 to 9/10 as long as rest tarsomeres; fore
basitarsomere and following article with ventral pad of short fine
hairs; fourth and fifth tarsomeres of hind tarsus flattened; m-cu
straight. Cercus black, short, strap-like (dorsal view), densely
haired, with a brush of longer black hairs on apex. Surstylus
strongly curved, flattened and oval (ventral view), with 5 - 6
distolateral setulae, one of which longest, and with thin dorsoapical
hook.
Amblypsilopus miserus (Parent)
Material examined. Male, Nyanyana R. area, Tsetse Fly Ops.,
S.Rhodesia, 14.I.1956, 10 m E of Kanba Gorge, coll. R. Goovier, 145
[NHML].
Diagnosis. A. miserus is associated with auratus Group, differing
by the following combination of characters. Frons with two or three
curved black vertical setae. One postvertical bristle. Upper
postocular setae long. First flagellomere asymmetrically triangular,
as long as high at base. Mesonotum with two strong posterior and a
few hairlike anterior dorsocentral setae; three pairs of long
acrostichals. Legs mostly black; fore and middle tibiae and
basitarsomeres yellow. All femora with whitish ventral hairs, not
longer than femora diameter. Fore tibia and basitarsomere with fine
erected ciliation on dorsal side. Fore basitarsomere except base and
second tarsomere with ventral pad of short hooked hairs; first
tarsomere of fore tarsus 1.25 times as long as second article and
half as long as rest tarsomeres. R1 long, ending just before the
middle of wing. Costa with short setulae; crossvein m-cu straight.
Cercus short.
Distribution: Mozambique, Zimbabwe (!).
Key to Afrotropical species of Amblypsilopus
(females usually cannot be identified without males of the same series)
1. Males............................................................2
- Females.........................................................34
2. R2+3 and R4+5 fused at wing apex.................................3
- No...............................................................7
3. Postocellar hairs numerous (at least more than a single pair);
first flagellomere dark brown; cercus elongate with flattened area
at tip...........................................................4
- Postocellar hairs, one pair; first flagellomere yellowish; cercus
small with tapered tip...........................................5
4. Wing heavily infuscate; vein M1 not recurved basad; apical
sclerotized spot of wing tip not reaching posterior margin of wing
................................................A. stuckenbergorum
- Wing lightly infuscate; M1 strongly recurved basad; apical
sclerotized spot of wing tip reaching posterior margin of wing....
.....................................................A. retrovenus
5. Wing with reduced apical sclerotized spot and a dense patch of
thickened macrotrichia; wing with two rows of hook-like setae
below M1; cercus small with elongate base.............A. fasciatus
- Wing with well-developed apical sclerotized spot and no dense patch
of thickened macrotrichia; wing without rows of hook-like setae;
cercus small with short, rounded base............................6
6. Arista cylindrical at tip; upcurved portion of wing vein M1 beyond
fork M1+2 with definite, thickened spot; m-cu with two slightly
thickened areas, these thickenings not forming distinct spots.....
........................................................A. bonniae
- Arista horizontally spatulate at tip; upcurved portion of M1 beyond
fork M1+2 with slightly swollen, darkened area; m-cu with two
definite, swollen spots...........................A. macularivenus
7. M2 absent; M1 with strong V-shaped curvature..............A. lenga
- Venation normal..................................................8
8. Fore coxa yellow; haltere usually yellow; lower calipter usually
with light setae.................................................9
- Fore coxa black at least in basal half; haltere usually
black-brown; lower calipter usually with black setae............21
9. All coxae wholly yellow.........................................10
- At least middle coxa with blackish-brown spot...................13
10. Mesonotum and pleura blue-green; haltere black; lower calipter
with black setae.....................................A. setifrons
- Thorax mostly yellow; haltere yellow; lower calipter with white
setae..........................................................11
11. Fore tibia with long curved posterior seta.......A. pallidicornis
- Fore tibia without such seta...................................12
12. Fore basitarsomere as long as fore femora and tibia together; 4th
and 5th tarsomeres of all tarsi flattened; cercus with two long
dorsal setae......................................A. stuckenbergi
- Fore basitarsomere not much longer than fore tibia; 5th tarsomere
of all tarsi slightly flattened; cercus filiform, with short
hairs, nearly thrice as long as hypopygium............A. rosaceus
13. Antenna yellow; fore tarsomeres somewhat modified..............14
- Antenna black; fore tarsus usually simple......................15
14. Fore basitarsomere enlarged, with ventral pile; other tarsomeres
simple.................................................A. steelei
- Fore basitarsomere simple; 5th tarsomere of the same tarsus
black, enlarged, with flag of long yellow setae....A. basilewskyi
15. Fore coxa with five or six yellow setae, organized in two
belt-shaped groups; cercus long and narrow, with apical brush of
hairs and basoventral prominence....................A. coalescens
- Fore coxa with usual hairs and/or bristles, at most with brush-form
ciliation......................................................16
16. m-cu sinuate; middle tibia progressively blackish in apical half;
cercus triangular, knife-shaped, with long dorsal chetae.........
..................................................A. cuthbertsoni
- m-cu straight or slightly convex; middle tibia yellow..........17
17. Middle tibia and basitarsomere with anterior and ventral
ciliation of thickened setulae, which as long as tibia diameter..
..................................................A. bipectinatus
- Middle tibia with simple setulae...............................18
18. Fore femora with ventral brush of long dense curved yellow-brown
hairs; 5th tarsomere of middle tarsus white; cercus bifurcated...
.....................................................A. gorodkovi
- Fore femora without such brush.................................19
19. Wing with small dark apical spot; 4 dorsocentral setae...........
.........................................................A. nanus
- Wing hyaline; 2 or 3 strong dorsocentral bristles..............20
20. Fore and middle tarsi with erected ciliation; hypopygium and 7th
segment small, cercus short, bifurcated on apex......A. narchukae
- Tarsi with simple ciliation; 7th abdominal segment long, hypopygium
big, cercus long and curved, with brush of hairs on apex,
reaching second abdominal segment...............A. haemorhoidalis
21. At least fore femora with long brown-black ventral bristles....22
- Fore femora with white ciliation below, sometimes with a few dorsal
or preapical black hairs, or bare..............................26
22. Hind femora yellow, blackish at most in basal fourth or narrowly
black at apex..................................................23
- Hind femora mostly black.......................................24
23. All femora with long black ventral bristles; fore and hind femora
blackish in basal fourth..............................A.finitimus
- Middle and (?) hind femora with short dense hairs; fore femora
yellow, hind femora narrowly blackish at base.........A.aenescens
24. Fore femora with two black ventral bristles in basal fourth, other
femora bare; fore and middle legs brown dorsally and yellow
ventrally............................................A.tenuicauda
- At least fore and hind femora with a row of long bristles......25
25. Legs entirely black; all femora with a row of brown or black
bristles.............................................A.disjunctus
- Fore and middle femora partly yellow, fore tibia yelow; middle
femora with short hairs................................A.inflexus
26. Cercus short, usually broad, not much longer than epandrium....27
- Cercus filiform, at least twice as long as epandrium...........31
27. m-cu distinctly sinuate; fore tarsus (?) simple; 3.2 mm..........
................................................A.madagascarensis
- m-cu straight or nearly straight; fore tibia and basitarsomere
usually with ventral pad of short fine cilia...................28
28. All femora bare; fore tarsus (?) simple; last three tarsomeres of
hind tarsus flattened; 2.5 mm.........................A.pernigrus
- Femora with long white ventral hairs; first and second tarsomeres
of fore tarsus with ventral pad of short fine cilia, which at
least half as long as width of tarsomeres; last two tarsomeres of
hind tarsus flattened; body longer than 3.5 mm.................29
29. Femora with white ventral cilia, not longer than femora diameter;
fore tibia and basitarsomere with fine erected ciliation on dorsal
side....................................................A.miserus
- Femora with white ventral cilia, which longer than femora diameter;
fore tibia and basitarsomere without erected setulae...........30
30. Fore basitarsomere 3/4 to 7/5 as long as second tarsomere and 2/5
to 2/3 as long as rest tarsomeres from second to fifth..A.auratus
- Fore basitarsomere 1.5 - 2 times as long as second tarsomere and
from 2/3 to 9/10 as long as rest tarsomeres from second to fifth.
......................................................A.cilifrons
31. Fore and middle femora, apical half of fore coxa reddish yellow;
fore basitarsomere with 5 strong dorsal bristles; fore tibia with
two ventral setae; cercus long and narrow, with slightly enlarged
base and apex, and with more strong hairs on apex...A.flabellifer
- All femora mostly black; fore basitarsomere without strong dorsal
bristles.......................................................32
32. Middle tibia and basitarsomere with erected setulae; all femora
with two rows of short white ventral hairs in basal half.........
........................................................A.parilis
- Middle tibia and basitarsomere with simple setulae.............33
33. All femora with white ventral hairs in basal half, which longer
than femora diameter; middle femora with white hairs turning into
long black hairs in apical half on postero-ventral surface; apical
third of fore basitarsomere with ventral pad of short hooked hairs;
middle tibia with two short dorsal setae; cercus with long ventral
cilia; surstylus strongly curved.....................A.longifilus
- Femora bare; fore tarsus with simple setulae; cercus with short
hairs; surstylus long, almost straight...........................
..............................A. signatus (3 mm), A.munroi (4 mm)
34. Vertex shallowly excavated, ocellar tubercle not prominent;
clypeus and mouthparts strongly projecting; body mostly yellow.
....................................................A.flavicollis
- Vertex distinctly excavated....................................35
35. Fore coxa yellow...............................................36
- All coxae black................................................47
36. Lower calipter with black cilia; coxae yellow, middle coxa black
from outside; middle tibia with one dorsal seta; 2 mm............
..................................................A.rectangularis
- Lower calipter with pale cilia; body longer than 3 mm..........37
37. Acrostichals long, more than half as long as dorsocentral setae
...............................................................38
- Acrostichals short.............................................41
38. Antenna yellow......................................A.basilewskyi
- Antenna black..................................................39
39. Fore femora with a row of strong pale setae, which longer than
femora diameter; hind basitarsomere black............A.sudanensis
- Fore femora without strong setae; hind basitarsomere partly
yellow.........................................................40
40. Scape red; hind tibia bare; hind tarsus longer than tibia........
........................................................A.nubilis
- Antenna wholly black; hind tibia with one anterodorsal seta;
hind tarsus shorter than tibia.......................A.nartshukae
41. m-cu shorter than M1+2 distad of m-cu (if not, then ocellar hairs
numerous, first flagellomere brown)............................42
- m-cu longer than M1+2 distad of m-cu (if not, then only one
pair of ocellar hairs, first flagellomere yellowish)...........43
42. First flagellomere dark-brown; 4 mm.............A.stuckenbergorum
- First flagellomere yellow-orange; 9 mm...............A.tropicalis
43. Ratio of m-cu to M1+2 distad of m-cu greater than 1.5..........44
- Ratio of m-cu to M1+2 distad of m-cu less than 1.4.............45
44. Thorax mostly yellow; acrostichals present.............A.rosaceus
- Thorax metallic green; acrostichals absent............A.fasciatus
45. Fascio-clypeal suture relatively shallow; first flagellomere
with anterior bulge dorsal..............................A.bonniae
- Fascio-clypeal suture relatively deep, pointed; first flagellomere
with anterior bulge ventral....................................46
46. Lack of setae on middle tibia in postero-ventral positon.........
..................................................A.macularivenus
- Middle tibia possesses a single postero-ventral seta.............
.........................................................A.bevisi
47. m-cu strongly sinuate..........................................48
- m-cu straight..................................................49
48. All femora black; middle basitarsomere with 6 or 7 short ventral
setae; hind tibia with 6 or 7 long dorsal setae..................
.................................................A.subfascipennis
- Fore femora yellow in apical two thirds, with 1 or 2 fine black
ventral setae; fore tibia with 1 antero-dorsal and 2
postero-dorsal, middle tibia with 3 antero-dorsal, 3
postero-dorsal and 2 ventral, hind basitarsomere with 1 dorsal
setae....................................................A.arduus
49. Fore and middle tibiae black or brown............................
.................................A.auratus, A.pernigrus, A.munroi
- Fore and middle tibiae yellow or dirty-yellow..................50
50. Hind tibia mostly yellow.................A.flabellifer, A.parilis
- Hind tibia black-brown...........................................
.....................A.munroi, A.longifilus, A.parilis, A.miserus
Amblypsilopus medvedevi sp.n. (Fig. 10)
Holotype. Male. E. Dutch New Guinea: Jutefa Bay, Pim, sealevel -
100 ft, II.1936, L.E. Cheesman. B.M. 1936-271.
Description. Similar to A. rimbija and A. wongabelensis (see
Bickel, 1994) except as noted. Head. Palp and proboscis brownish.
Thorax. Three pairs of long acrostichals.
Legs. Coxae, femora to knees and distalmost tarsomeres brown;
trochanters, femora knees, tibiae and basal tarsomeres yellow. Fore
and middle coxae with pale anterior hairs; hind coxa with pale
anterior seta. Femora with some long pale basoventral setae. Fore
tibia with three long pale posterior setae in distal half decreasing
in size distally; fore basitarsomere with a few posterior hairs, and
with dense ventral white pile; fifth tarsomere of fore tarsus
flattened; middle trochanter with strong dorsal bristle; third and
fourth tarsomeres of hind tarsus flattened with ventral pad-like
surface, fifth tarsomere of the same tarsus very small and short.
Length ratio of fore coxa to femora to tibia to tarsus (segments from
first to fifth) - 2.6 : 4.1 : 4.4 : 2.4 : 0.9 : 0.6 : 0.4 : 0.4.
Length ratio of middle coxa to femora to tibia (tarsus broken) - 2.3
: 5.0 : 5.3. Length ratio of hind coxa to femora to tibia to tarsus
(segments from first to fifth) - 1.6 : 5.8 : 8.2 : 2.5 : 1.1 : 0.9 :
0.9 : 0.4.
Wing. Ratio of parts of costa between R2+3 and R4+5 to those
between R4+5 and M1 - 18 : 5. Ratio of crossvein m-cu to apical part
of M1+2 (fork-handle) to apical part of CuA - 15 : 28 : 23.
Abdomen. Dark metallic green with copper reflection. Hypopygium
black, cercus brownish, with pale hairs. Epandrium with setosed
cuticular projection arising at base of hypandrium and extending
internally. Hypandrial hood slightly serrate. Epandrial lobe
prominent, with a long and a short bristles. Surstylus big, massive,
gently curved. Cercus distally slightly broadened, with outer row of
long simple setae and long thin distodorsal apophysis bearing simple
setae.
Female. Unknown.
Length: body 2.7 mm; wing-length 2.3 mm; wing-width 0.8 mm.
Distribution: Papua New Guinea.
Etymology. The species is named for Russian dipterologist Dr.
Gleb S. Medvedev.
Diagnosis. A. medvedevi is associated with species of rimbija
Group (Bickel, 1994) previously known from Australia, and can be
separated by means of the following key.
1. Cercus distally expanded with outer row of strong setae and
distodorsal apophysis, bearing long or blade-like setae, without
narrow ventral prominences......................................2
- Cercus narrow, with or without narrow ventral prominences, without
outer row of long setae.....................A.rimbija, A. wellsae
2. Cercus greatly broadened, with outer row of blade-like setae and
short obtuse distodorsal apophysis bearing blade-like setae......
..................................................A.wongabelensis
- Cercus slightly broadened, with outer row of simple setae and
long thin distodorsal apophysis bearing simple setae.............
.....................................................A. medvedevi
Acknowledgements
I am sincerely grateful to Dr. Brian Pitkin and Dr. Laslo Papp for
their kindness in giving me the opportunity to study the collections
of the Natural History Museum (London) and the Hungarian Natural
History Museum (Budapest). Dr. Daniel Bickel generously provided his
valuable monograph.
References
Becker Th. 1923. Dipterologische Studien: Dolichopodidae. D.
Aethiopische Region. - Entomol. Mitteilungen, 12, 1: 1-50.
Bickel D.J. 1994. The Australian Sciapodinae (Diptera:
Dolichopodidae), with a review of the Oriental and Australasian
faunas, and a world conspectus of the subfamily. - Rec. Austral.
Mus., Suppl. 21: 1-394.
Curran C.H. 1924. The Dolichopodidae of South Africa. - Ann.
Transv. Mus., 10: 212-232.
Dyte C.E. & Smith K.G.V. 1980. Family Dolichopodidae. In R.W.
Crosskey (ed.). Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afrotropical Region.
Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), London, p. 443-463.
Irwin M.E. 1974. An account of southern African genus Sciopolina
with descriptions of new species (Diptera: Dolichopodidae:
Sciapodinae). - Ann. Natal Mus., 22, p. 221-264.
Lamb C.G. 1922. The Percy Sladen Trust expedition to the Indian
Ocean in 1905, under the leadership of Mr.J.Stanley Gardiner, M.A.
Vol. 7. N VIII. Diptera: Asilidae, Scenopinidae, Dolichopodidae,
Pipunculidae, and Syrphidae. - Transactions of the Linnean Society of
London (2, Zoology), 18, p. 361 - 416.
Parent O. 1937. Dipteres Dolichopodides. Especes et Localites
nouvelles. - Bull. Ann. Soc. Entomol. Belg., 77, p. 125-148.
Vanschuytbroeck P. 1960. Mission zoologique de l'I.R.S.A.C. en
Afrique orientale. L. Diptera Dolichopodidae. - Ann. Mus. roy. Congo
belge, ser. in-8 (Zool.), 88, p. 318-321.
Remark under figures
Figs 1, 4-10. Hypopygium, left lateral view. Fig 2. Surstylus,
lateral view. Fig 3. Cercus, lateral view.
1, A. steelei sp.n.
2, 3, A. basilewskyi (Vanschuytbroeck)
4, A. nartshukae sp.n.
5, A. gorodkovi sp.n.
6, A. longifilus (Becker)
7, A. parilis (Parent)
8, A. auratus (Curran)
9, A. cilifrons (Parent)
10, A. medvedevi sp.n.